长难句第六周
Day1
长难句：
Just as a doctor calls on the full power of autocratic suggestion by insisting that the patient take this white capsule precisely three times a day before meals, Lozanoz is categoric in insisting that the suggestopedic session be conducted exactly in the manner designated, by trained and accredited suggestopedic teachers.
【句子主干】Lozanoz is categoric in insisting that…
【结构分析】
1）just as 表示类比，引导比较状语从句。主语是a doctor，谓语是call on，the full power of autocratic suggestion 是宾语。
2）个insist引导宾语从句，主语是patient，谓语是take， 宾语是this white capsule，three times a day before meals 作状语。
3）suggestopedic session be conducted 是省略了should 的虚拟语气，原句应该是 that the suggestopedic session should be conducted。
【重点词汇】
call on 号召；请求
insist 坚持；强调
precisely＝exactly 精确地；准确地
designated 指定的；特指的
【句子翻译】
正如医生充分利用权威暗示的力量，要求病人必须每天三次餐前服用某种白色胶囊一样，Lozanoz 也坚决要求暗示教育法一定要按照事先制定好的方式进行，并且需要由培训过的合格教师来执行。
【翻译练习】
中翻英：
1. 作为间接益处，学生意识到他们的记忆力提高了。
2. 有多种不同的游览城市的方式，但我们要推荐的是您从未想到过的。
英翻中：Another strange feature about Japanese is that, because the building tapers , with each successive floor plan being smaller than the one below, none of the vertical pillars that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding pillar above.
Day2
翻译答案：
1. As an indirect benefit, students notice improvements in their memory.
2.There are many different ways of getting round the city and we would like to suggest some you may not have thought of.
长难句：
Another strange feature about Japanese is that, because the building tapers, with each successive floor plan being smaller than the one below, none of the vertical pillars that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding pillar above.
【句子主干】Another strange feature about Japanese is that…
【结构分析】
1）another strange feature about Japanese is that 主干成分是一个表语从句
2）because 引导宾语从句中的原因状语，主语是none of the vertical pillars，谓语是is connected to
3）with each successive floor… 是由with引导的独立主格结构，作为the building tapers这个句子的原因状语存在
【重点词汇】
successive 连续的；依次的；接替的
vertical 垂直的；直立的
be connected to 与…有联系；与…相关联
corresponding 相当的；相应的；一致的
【句子翻译】
日本宝塔另外一个奇怪特征就是没有一根承重立柱和上层相应的立柱连接在一起，这是因为日本宝塔每一层的楼面都比下一层的要小，宝塔是从下往上逐渐变细。
【翻译练习】
中翻英:
1. 我以前被要求必须做研讨会报告，这对我的帮助很大。
2. 另外，我知道自己准备很充分，而且也练习了我的时间掌控能力。
英翻中：
It would have been easy to criticize the MIRTP for using in the early phases a ‘top-down’ approach, in which decisions were made by experts and officials before being handed down to communities, but it was necessary to start the process from the level of the governmental authorities of the district.
Day3
翻译答案：
1. I think that having to do a seminar presentation really helped me.
2.Also, I know I was well-prepared and I had practiced my timing.
长难句：
It would have been easy to criticize the MIRTP for using in the early phases a ‘top-down’ approach, in which decisions were made by experts and officials before being handed down to communities, but it was necessary to start the process from the level of the governmental authorities of the district.
【句子主干】to criticize he MIRTP for using in the early phases a ‘top-down’ approach
【结构分析】
1）it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to criticize he MIRTP for…
2）in which 引导定语从句，解释什么是a ‘top-down’ approach，从句主语是decisions,谓语是被动语态were made, before being handed down to communities 等同于 before decisions were handed down to communities。
【重点词汇】
criticize 批评；评论
approach 方法；途径
official adj.官方的；正式的；n.官员；公务员
hand down to 往下传；传给（后代）
【句子翻译】
由于项目初期采用了上级命令下级执行的办法，即没有经过当地社区同意，和政府官员们就作出了决定，MIRTP一体化交通项目遭到了很多批评，但是从政府层次开始贯彻实施该项目又是很有必要的。
【翻译练习】
中翻英：
1. 一些蚂蚁可以通过基于距离和位置而进行的计算来寻找路线。
2. 在一个实验里，寻找食物的蚂蚁能够通过嗅觉找到食物。
英翻中：
While the detrimental effects of noise in classrooms are not limited to children experiencing disability, those with a disability that affects their processing of speech and verbal communication could be extremely vulnerable.
Day4
翻译答案：
1. Some ants can find their way by making calculations based on distance and position.
2. In one experiment, foraging teams were able to use their sense of smell to find food.
长难句：
While the detrimental effects of noise in classrooms are not limited to children experiencing disability, those with a disability that affects their processing of speech and verbal communication could be extremely vulnerable.
【句子主干】those…could be extremely vulnerable
【结构分析】
1）while引导让步状语从句，是常考语法结构之一。引导让步状语从句的主要连词有 although, though, as, even though/if. when和while也可引导让步状语从句，意为‘虽然’。
【重点词汇】
detrimental 不利的；有害的
verbal 口头的；言语的
vulnerable 易受影响的；易受伤害的
【句子翻译】
虽然教室噪音不只是会给残疾孩子带来不利影响，但是那些在语言沟通方面有障碍的孩子们显然是更大的受害者。
【翻译练习】
中翻英：
1. 罢工工人于昨日停止了汽车厂的生产。
2. 我们应该尝试多种渠道来筹集和积累社会保障基金。
英翻中：
Undaunted, he remained south of the equator, keeping himself busy by studying the islands of Mauritius and Madagascar before setting off to observe the next transit in the Philippines.
Day5
翻译答案：
1.Striking workers halted production at the auto plant yesterday.
2. We should try various channels to raise and accumulate social security funds.
长难句：
Undaunted, he remained south of the equator, keeping himself busy by studying the islands of Mauritius and Madagascar before setting off to observe the next transit in the Philippines.
【句子主干】he remained south of the equator
【结构分析】
1）undaunted 过去分词作伴随状语，表明助主句中人物的状态，翻译的时候注意添加主语。
2）keeping himself busy 现在分词作伴随状语；before setting off 现在分词作时间状语。现在分词作状语时要注意分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
【重点词汇】
undaunted 没有灰心的
remain 保持；依然；留下
set off 出发；引起；动身
transit vi.经过；vt. 运输
【句子翻译】
他并没有灰心，而是留在了南半球，先是忙于研究毛里求斯岛和马达加斯加岛的情况，接着前往菲律宾准备观测下一次凌日现象。
【翻译练习】
中翻英：
1. 非常不幸的是，我认为这超出了我们的预算。
2. 这份协议非常含糊，可以有多种解释。
【翻译答案】
1.I do not think that would be within our budget, unfortunately.
2. This agreement is very ambiguous and open to various interpretations.
