长难句第七周

来源：浏览：发布日期：2018-03-16 10:00

【大中小】

Day1

长难句：

They based their calendars on three natural cycles: the solar day, marked by the successive periods of light and darkness as the earth rotates on its axis; the lunar month, following the phases of the moon as it orbits the earth; and the solar year, defined by the changing seasons that accompany our planet’s revolution around the sun.

【句子主干】They based their calendars on three natural cycles: the solar day, the lunar month,and the solar year.

【结构分析】

1）marked by ……;following the……；defined by ……非谓语结构，做非限制性定语从句。分别修饰the solar day；he lunar month；the solar year

2）as the earth rotates on its axis做时间状语。

3）seasons that ……中，that后面引导的句子为定语从句

【重点词汇】

base……on 以……为基础

rotate使旋转，使转动

successive 连续的，相继的

orbit环绕…的轨道运行

【句子翻译】

历法的编排基于三个自然周期：太阳日（由地球沿轴线自转时白天和黑夜接替的周期而来）、太阴月（由月亮绕地球公转的月相变化而来），以及太阳年（根据地球绕太阳公转而出现的四季变化来界定）。

【翻译练习】

中翻英：

1. 1957年，苏联发射了颗绕地卫星。

2. 他们的判断是基于一种狭隘的世界观。

英翻中：The revolutionary aspect of this new timekeeper was neither the descending weight that provided its motive force nor the gear wheels (which had been around for at least 1, 300 years) that transferred the power; it was the part called the escapement.

Day2

翻译答案：

1、In 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first satellite to orbit the earth.

2、They're making judgments based on a narrowly focused vision of the world.

长难句：

The revolutionary aspect of this new timekeeper was neither the descending weight that provided its motive force nor the gear wheels (which had been around for at least 1, 300 years) that transferred the power; it was the part called the escapement.

【句子主干】 The revolutionary aspect of this new timekeeper was neither……nor……；it was……

【结构分析】

1）主干结构为：主系表。表语部分由neither……nor……这个否定结构连接。

2）括号中内容为gear wheels 的定语。

3） descending weight that……； gear wheels that……；两部分中that 引导的定语从句。

【重点词汇】

revolutionary改革的

descending递减的

transfer (使)转移，传播，移交

【句子翻译】

这种新型计时器所具有的革命意义既不在于依靠向下的重力提起动力，也不在于依靠齿轮（至少有1300年的使用历史）传递动力，而在于它使用了一个叫擒纵装置的部件。

【翻译练习】

中翻英:

1、所有其他原料，包括水在内，都需要根据重量依次降序排列。

2、该疾病传播到人类身上的几率微乎其微。

英翻中：So integral have these time-based technologies become to day-to-day existence that our dependency on them is recognized only when they fail to work.

Day3

翻译答案：

1、All the other ingredients, including water, have to be listed in descending order by weight.

2、The chances of the disease being transferred to humans is extremely remote.

长难句：So integral have these time-based technologies become to day-to-day existence that our dependency on them is recognized only when they fail to work.

【句子主干】So integral have these time-based technologies become……that……

【结构分析】

1）该句为部分倒装句，用来强调形容词：integral。其正常语序是：these time-based technologies have so integral to day-to-day existence that……

2）only when 引导的条件状语从句。

【重点词汇】

integral 基本的;构成整体所必需的

dependency（尤指过分或不利的）依靠，依赖

day-to-day日常的

fail to do未能做某事，没能做某事

【句子翻译】

这些以时间为基础的技术已完全成为日常生活的一部分，只有当它们无法正常工作时，我们才意识到人类多么依赖这些技术。

【翻译练习】

中翻英:

1、仪式与节日构成了任何人类社会不可缺少的一部分。

2、我们担心他可能对母亲太过依赖。

英翻中：Temporal hours, which were first adopted by the Greeks and then the Romans, who disseminated them through Europe, remained in use for more than 2, 500 years.

Day4

翻译答案：

1、Rituals and festivals form an integral part of every human society.

2、We worried about his dependency on his mother.

长难句：

Temporal hours, which were first adopted by the Greeks and then the Romans, who disseminated them through Europe, remained in use for more than 2, 500 years.

【句子主干】Temporal hours…… remained in use……

【结构分析】

1）which……Romans为非限制性定语从句，修饰temporal hours。

2）who……Europe为非限制性定语从句，修饰Romans。

3）for more than 2, 500 years为介词短语引导的时间状语。

【重点词汇】

temporal 时间的;时间方面的

adopt采取；采纳；采用

disseminate 散布;传播

【句子翻译】

时光时最早被希腊人采用，然后由罗马人采用并传到欧洲，一直使用了2500年。

【翻译练习】