雅思阅读真题解析-剑14Test1Passage3-Motivational factors and-人名观点配对题

　　雅思阅读真题解析-剑14Test1Passage3-Motivational factors and-人名观点配对题

　　人名观点配对题

　　Questions 27-31

　　Look at the following statements (Questions 27-31) and the list of researchers below.

　　Match each statement with the correct researcher，A-F.

　　Write the correct letter, A-F，in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

　　NB You may use any letter more than once.

　　整体分析：题干有五道题，选项有六个人，而且题目要求有NB，所以有一个人重复选，有两个人不会选到。

　　分析

　　27 Hotel managers need to know what would encourage good staff to remain.

　　分析：题干可以划关键词的有hotel managers和good staff。

　　28 The actions of managers may make staff feel they shouldn’t move to a different employer.

　　分析：题干可以划关键词的有actions of managers, feel和different employer。

　　29 Little is done in the hospitality industry to help workers improve their skills.

　　分析：题干可以划关键词的有workers和skills。

　　30 Staff are less likely to change jobs if cooperation is encouraged.

　　分析：题干可以划关键词的有change jobs和cooperation。

　　31 Dissatisfaction with pay is not the only reason why hospitality workers change jobs.

　　分析：题干可以划关键词的有pay, reason和change jobs。

　　定位

　　3 Pfeffer (1994) emphasizes that in order to succeed in a global business environment, organizations must make investment in Human Resource Management (HRM) to allow them to acquire employees who possess better skills and capabilities than their competitors. This investment will be to their competitive advantage. Despite this recognition of the importance of employee development, the hospitality industry has historically been dominated by underdeveloped HR practices (Lucas, 2002).

　　4 Lucas also points out that ‘the substance of HRM practices does not appear to be designed to foster constructive relations with employees or to represent a managerial approach that enables developing and drawing out the foil potential of people, even though employees maybe broadly satisfied with many aspects of their work’(Lucas, 2002). In addition, or maybe as a result, high employee turnover has been a recurring problem throughout the hospitality industry. Among the many cited reasons are low compensation, inadequate benefits, poor working conditions and compromised employee morale and attitudes (Maroudas et al. 2008).

　　5 Ng and Sorensen (2008) demonstrated that when managers provide recognition to employees, motivate employees to work together, and remove obstacles preventing effective performance, employees feel more obligated to stay with the company. This was succinctly summarized by Michel et al. (2013): ‘Providing support to employees gives them the confidence to perform their jobs better and the motivation to stay with the organization.’Hospitality organizations can therefore enhance employee motivation and retention through the development and improvement of their working conditions. These conditions are inherently linked to the working environment.

　　8 It is therefore essential for hotel management to develop HRM practices that enable them to inspire and retain competent employees. This requires an understanding of what motivates employees at different levels of management and different stages of their careers (Enz and Siguaw, 2000). This implies that it is beneficial for hotel managers to understand what practices are most favorable to increase employee satisfaction and retention.

　　答案

　　第3段中出现了A 选项对应的Pfeffer，这段第 一句中出现了关键词skills and capabilities对应第29题题干中的their skills。

　　第3段最后一句中的underdeveloped【（技能）欠发达的】对应第29题题干中的little is done【无所作为】，最后一句中的employee development【员工发展】对应题干中的help workers improve their skills，但这句中的人已经变了—不再是Pfeffer,而是B选项中的Lucas，所以第29题答案是B。

　　第4段第 一句出现了B选项对应的Lucas，但这段中没有跟题干对应的信息，而且这段的信息我们已经用在判断题中了，所以我们接着往后看。

　　第4段最后一句出现了C选项对应的Maroudas et al.，这句中出现了跟第31题干相关的关键词reasons。第4段最后一句中的among the many cited reasons【被提到的众多原因中】对应第31题干中的not the only reason，第4段最后一句中的low compensation【低的薪酬】对应第31题题干中的dissatisfaction with pay【对薪酬的不满】，所以第31题答案是C。

　　第5段第 一句出现了D 选项对应的Ng and Sorensen，第 一句中的work together对应的是第30题中的cooperation，第 一句中的motivate employees对应第30题题干中的encouraged，这句中的stay with the company对应第30题题干中的less likely to change jobs，所以第30题答案是D。

　　第 一句中的employees feel对应第28题题干中的make staff feel，第 一句中的stay with the company对应第28题题干中的shouldn’t move to a different employer，所以第28题的答案是D。

　　这里第30题和第28题的内容显然是交织在一起的，很容易忽略。你也可以选过别的人以后把28题留到最后再重新找一遍对应关系确定答案。

　　第8段第二句出现了E选项对应的  Enz and Siguaw，这句中的understanding of what motivates employees对应第27题题干中的know what would encourage good staff，这句中的management对应第27题中的hotel managers，所以第27题答案是E。

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