雅思阅读真题解析-剑14Test1Passage3-Motivational factors and-摘要填空题

　　雅思阅读真题解析-剑14Test1Passage3-Motivational factors and-摘要填空题

　　摘要填空题

　　Questions 36-40

　　Complete the summary below.

　　Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

　　Write your answers in boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet.

　　Fun at work

　　Tews, Michel and Stafford carried out research on staff in an American chain of 36..............They discovered that activities designed for staff to have fun improved their 37.............., and that management involvement led to lower staff 38 ..............They also found that the activities needed to fit with both the company’s 39 ..............and the 40..............of the staff. A balance between a degree of freedom and maintaining work standards.

　　分析

　　题干可以划定位词的有Tews, Michel and Stafford，American chain, activities, freedom和work standards。

　　第36题空格前面是American chain of，所以空格应该是名词，表示一种连锁性的企业，如餐厅，超市等。

　　第37题前面是for staff to have fun improved their, 所以空格是跟员工关系紧密的名词。既然题干提到了have fun,而且空格前面说了improve【改善】，所以improved加上空格的名词肯定是用来表示一种好的结果的，如改善了员工的满意度，工作效率等。

　　第38题与37题是并列关系，所以在原文中应该挨着出现。既然两道题是并列，根据并列结构的特点—并列的句子结构与内容相似，所以38题前面的lower staff加上空格的内容也是表示好的结果，既然前面说的是lower，所以空格应该是不好的名词，如迟到早退等。

　　第39题和第40题是并列关系。第39题前面是company’s，所以空格应该写跟company关系紧密的名词。第40题后边是of the staff，所以空格应该写跟staff关系紧密的名词。

　　定位

　　11 The impact of fun as a motivating factor at work has also been explored. For example, Tews, Michel and Stafford (2013) conducted a study focusing on staff from a chain of themed restaurants in the United States. It was found that fun activities had a favorable impact on performance and manager support for fun had a favorable impact in reducing turnover. Their findings support the view that fun may indeed have a beneficial effect, but the framing of the fun must be carefully aligned with both organizational goals and employee characteristics. ‘Managers must learn how to achieve the delicate balance of allowing employees the freedom to enjoy themselves at work while simultaneously maintaining high levels of performance’(Tews et al., 2013).

　　答案

　　上文第二句出现了定位词Tews, Michel and Stafford，chain of和the United States。所以第36题的答案是紧跟a chain of的名词themed restaurants。空格只能写一个单词，所以答案是restaurants。

　　上文第三句出现了定位词fun activities，这句中的a favorable impact【一个有利的影响】对应题干中的improved，所以第37题的答案是performance【表现】。

　　上文第三句后半句中的manager support对应题干中的management involvement，这句中的reducing对应题干中的lower，所以第38题的答案是紧跟其后的turnover【营业额；人员流动】。

　　上文第四句中的both…and…对应题干中的第39题和第40题之间的and。这句中的organizational【组织的；企业的】对应题干中的company’s，所以第39题答案是紧跟其后的goals。这句中的employee【员工】对应题干中的of the staff，所以第40题答案是紧跟其后的characteristics【特点】。注意这里的characteristic≈trait≈feature，不要跟character【角色；性格；特质】弄混。

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