南京国际加试真题 | 第七期：初识情态动词+have done结构

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　　中考英语满分 ≠ 加试通过

　　想要进入优质国际高中你需要掌握

       加试英语：4500词汇量、50个语法点、超强的阅读及写作能力;

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　　每周一南京国际学校加试“0”距离将为各位考生进行加试真题的分享和讲解，沉淀积累定能突破加试!欢迎各位关注专栏，定期阅读哦～

　　本期Viviana老师带你走进国际加试的“单项选择题”，畅聊国际加试笔试中的情态动词+have done 结构。

　　单项选择题

　　单项选择题(四选一)是许多国际学校加试中会采用的题型，如南外本部，金中国际班，南外仙林，雨中国高，南师附中江宁，金中河西等，每次笔试均会采用10-20道不等的题目去主要考察学生语法的掌握情况。常见的考点包括时态的区分，特殊句型的掌握情况，定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等从属句的区分，虚拟语气等。这些题型不仅考查考生对于句子细节的理解和把握，也会检验学生对英语语法的基础有多扎实。

　　真题再现

　　—I didn’t know you were good friends.

　　—You . I have known her since she moved here. You were studying abroad then.

　　A. may have

　　B. needn't have

　　C. couldn't have

　　D. must have

　　由选项看出这题考察的是情态动词+have done的用法。

　　能量补给

　　情态动词+have done

　　1：表推测

　　must have done:对过去事情的肯定推测;

　　may/ might/ could have done:可能做过某事;

　　can/ could have done:表不相信或怀疑;

　　can't/ couldn't have done:不可能做过某事;

　　2：表虚拟

　　should/ ought to have done:过去本应该做却未做;

　　shouldn't/ oughtn't to have done:过去本不该做却做了;

　　need have done:过去有必要做却未做;

　　needn't have done:过去没必要做却做了;

　　could have done:过去本能做却未做;

　　might have done:过去本可以却未做;

　　注:couldn't have done:过去不可能做某事,表推测;might not have done:过去可能没做某事,表推测。

　　迷津点播

　　—I didn’t know you were good friends.

　　—You . I have known her since she moved here. You were studying abroad then.

　　A. may have

　　B. needn't have

　　C. couldn't have

　　D. must have

　　答案：C

　　解析：由空格后两句的句意“自从她搬来以后我就认识她了，你那时正在国外上学”可知，空格所在句的意思应是“你不可能知道”，应是couldn't have done结构，故选C。

　　Ok, 别晕，咱们再巩固一下：

　　—The room is in a terrible mess; it ___cleaned.

　　A. can’t have been

　　B. couldn’t be

　　C. may have been

　　D. would be

　　答案：C

　　解析：结合句意可知，“房间一团乱，不可能被清理过”，应是can't have done结构，所以选A。

　　因此，碰到情态动词+have done 结构的考题，咱们应该审题，理解题目意思，判断应是推测用法还是虚拟语气的用法，然后再判断用什么情态动词，肯定形式还是否定形式，最后做出选择。

　　Congrats everybody!又攻下一个语法点，俗话说得好嘛，不积跬步，无以至千里，相信大家跟着南京国际学校小编一起学习，通过点滴积累，也能成为行走的“语法小灵通”!