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Amber 新托福听力笔记之图像记忆法

2012-08-28 12:00来源:互联网原创作者:南京新航道   责编:上海管理员

摘要:新托福听力笔记之图像记忆法。南京托福,托福培训,托福培训机构。

避免文字造成的僵滞,有一个很好的办法,就是在思考的时候,脑海里尽量多用图形,少用文字。这是一种很有价值的思考习惯,因为视觉上的‘意象’远较文字来得有流动性,可塑性,使我们能够更自由地思考。

——爱德华·狄伯诺

大脑就是你自己的智囊。科学研究证明,大脑分为左半球和右半球。左半球是管人的右边的一切活动的,一般左
脑具有语言、概念、数字、分析、逻辑推理等功能;右半球是管人的左边的一切活动的,右脑具有音乐、绘画、
空间几何、想象、综合等功能。右脑最重要的贡献是创造性思维。右脑不拘泥于局部的分析,而是统观全局,
以大胆猜测跳跃式地前进,达到直觉的结论。在有些人身上,直觉思维甚至变成一种先知能力,使他们能预知
未来的变化,事先做出重大决策。 
左脑的记忆回路是低速记忆,而右脑的是高速记忆,左脑记忆是一种“劣根记忆”,右脑记忆则让人惊叹,它有
“过目不忘”的本事。很多人都是左脑用的多,而右脑却相对较弱。我们在实际运用当中,即实战考试,需要左
右脑同时启动,才能达到的状态。新托福考试中的听力,就其听力的题型,内容,时间而言无疑对我们的
大脑记忆的要求而言是一个巨大的挑战。在这短短的4,5分钟或是长达7,8分钟内,要记住重点内容,同时还
要在有限时间内从多个选项中选出正确答案,这些对于考托福的同学来说,都是拦路虎,不可小觑。

学生甲:“听力太快,来不及记!”

学生乙抱怨道:“完全听不懂,不知道怎么记?”

学生丙说:“不用记的吧,记得反而听不到下面的内容了,差不多就可以了。”这些都是大部分学生对托福听力

中记笔记的疑惑。

在听对话时,不应该因为它内容较简单,而忽视它的重要性,安排对话在前面是有它的道理的,让人的大脑能

快速的进入状态,也就是warm-up的阶段。习惯是可以培养的,养成一边听托福听力,一边记录笔记的习惯,

以后即使遇到更难的讲座,也不至于手足无措。

当我们肯定了在听力中记录笔记的重要性后,我们再来回答后面的问题。同学常会问 :“笔记究竟该记什么

呢?”老师的答复大多都是当然是重点词,那么哪些才是重点词呢?

记笔记不求多,抓关键词:名词,动词,形容词,数词。这是按照其重要排序的。比如说一个案例:

TPO1 Listening 1:讲的是关于学生到图书馆借书的内容。关于对话,可采用交叉笔记法,下面是一个学生

记录开始一段的笔记:

I really hope….

That’s here

I’m supp liter …psycholo course.. start

Psychology focus

Dream inte

Focus start check to see … professor reserve

Didn’t know I copied three more three topics

笔者点评:

这段笔记明显有几个地方需要引起大家的注意:

① 对于对话应采用交叉笔记,即在纸中间画上一竖线,左边为A,右边为B,当然如果学生练习的多的话,

不需分的很清楚,但是这样有利于回顾已经记的内容。

② 记录关键词,即所谓的名词,那么代词显然不需要记。其次是动词。

③ 没有做到简写,比如 psychology 完全可以记成psy, 或干脆就是中文“心”

④ 笔记应当清晰,一行一条信息,不能横着写,否则会造成混乱。

下面是供读者参考的恰当可行的笔记版本:

S
Help
Lit rep→心
Artic× 开×
Drea inter

 
1 arti
﹥3→3 jour
A

 
心 cours

 
查 pro mater 

运用图像记忆法实例:

在听托福听力时,尤其是讲座,要强调的一点是,100%全部听懂的几率极度低,而在实际考试中,除去考生本身水平的限制,还要受到外界各种影响:邻座在说口语,某个人咳嗽,打喷嚏,甚至耳机有问题,这些都成为考生能100%听懂的绊脚石,但是这不能成为不记笔记,完全听不懂的借口。不能做到100%,那么就要朝80%,90%靠进。这里,让笔者来介绍一下如何在托福听力考试中运用图像记忆法。用图像记忆法去记听力笔记,前提是考生的水平能达到80%,讲座的大部分都能听得懂,有个别词,因为连读,或语速太快,没有跟得上,这些都可以理解。那么在此基础上,综合运用图像法,会使你事倍功半。前面已经说到记笔记的关键是记关键词,在这里,关键词的定义要扩大一些,记下你觉得能使你会想起整个句子的词。

运用图像记忆法听一篇讲座,以TPO Listening1中教授讲的2个重点段落为例:

Step 1: 找出keywords,所谓keywords, 是指只看这个词,就能想起这个词所在的听力原文中的一整句。

Step 2: 用图像记忆法连结keywords。

Keywords

Transfer into signals

Professor

Good. So when you go to the exhibit, I really want you to take a close look at a certain painting.It’s a farm scene. And you will see it right as you enter the gallery. The reason I think this painting is so important is that it stresses the impressionist aspect of Frantzen’s style. It’s an outdoor scene, an everyday scene. It’s kind of bleak, which you can really see those broad brushstrokes and the blurry lines. The colors aren’t quite realistic. The sky is kind of, well, in a natural… pinkish yellow. And the fence in the foreground is blue, but somehow the overall scene gives an impression of a cold, bleak, winter day on a farm. So that’s the impressionist side of her work. Oh, and speaking about farms, that reminds me. One interesting thing I read about Franzten is that when she first moved back to Iowa after living abroad, she often visited this place in her town called the Sales Barn. And the Sales Barn, it was basically this place where the local farmers bought and sold their cattle, their farm animals. And the reason Frantzen went there, and she later on would visit other places like dance halls, was to observe people and the ways that they moved. She really found that this helped her work---that it gave her an understanding of body movements and actions, how humans move, and stand still, what their postures were like, too. So, what about Realism? What are the elements of Realism we should be looking for inFrantzen’s work?

 

Professor

Good. One other painting I really want you to look at is of a young woman surrounded by

pumpkins. You will notice that the woman’s face is so realistic looking that it’s almost like aphotograph. The woman’s nose is a little less than perfect and her hair is kind of messed up. This is realism. But then, the background of the painting, this woman with the pumpkins is wrapped in a blanket of broad thick brushstrokes, and, it’s all kinds of zigzagging brushstrokes and lines, kind of chaotic almost when you look at it close. And there are vibrant colors. There’s lots of orange, with little hints of an electric blue peeking out.I find Frantzen to be a very accessible artist. I mean, some artists, to appreciate them, you have to know their life story. But here’s a little bit about Rose Frantzen’s life anyway. She attended art school, but was told by one of her instructors that she was not good at illustration, that she should go into advertising instead. So she took advertising classes and fine arts classes too, until she was convinced by the head of an advertising agency that her work was really good, that she could be an artist. But of course, it’s not as easy as that, and so Frantzen had to paint other people’s portraits at places like art fairs just to make money to buy paint for her more series of art work. No matter what, she never stopped painting. And now, Frantzen is doing extremely well. And her work is being shown all over the country. So I think most of us would be discouraged if we had to face challenges and difficulties like that. But what’s important is that you keep at it that you don’t give up. That’s what is really important to remember.

 

 

Look pain: farm

 

 

 

*: impre

 

Outdoo 天

Blea

Brush  blur line

Col×real

Sky  pin yel

Fenc  blue

○: col winte

 

 

 

Farm→place :Sal Bar:牛

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

?:观 move  act

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

女 pump

 

 

Face: real-photo

 

Nose:

Hair: mess

Bacgr: brush

 

 

 

Zigz

Chao

Vibr colo

Oran

Blu

F: acces

 

 

少 story

去学

 

×illu

 

Adver

2

相/agen  好

 

 

 

Portr

Mony

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*: 不 放

 

 

以上是笔者挑出来的keywords,也许每个人挑出来的都不同,只需要确定一点“看到keywords 能够想起整句”就可以了。读者可以试试,在上例中,把左边的句子盖起来,只看右边的signals 是否可以回想起左边句子的大致中文意思。然后多试几次,直到只看右边的signals可以回想到左边的句子为止。

接下来就是要将右边的signals转化成图像。

以下是笔者编的图像电影画面:

段:任务来了,老师要我们去参加艺术展,艺术展要开始了,大概在下个月的时候,名字叫RF,很陌生,风格很诡异,是现实主义映像派,我们之前分别学过这两个内容啦。

第二段:进入艺术馆,会看到一幅画,就是农场,每天都能看的自然景观,这就是印象主义风格,很荒凉,冷冷的冬天,天空颜色是奇特的:粉黄的,栅栏是蓝色的,这个基调都是荒凉的,这个提醒我,这个艺术家经常去一个地方,买卖牛啊畜牲等,叫SB,她去的目的就是去观察人的行为动作。

第三段:这个女人不简单,风格和之前的艺术家很不一样,她画了一幅女人和南瓜,脸像照片,鼻子不很完美,头发像稻草,背景很浓墨,粗犷,曲折,混乱颜色鲜艳无比,有橘黄和蓝色,这个女人呢,很nice的,没有多少故事,去上学,老师说她理解力不行,选了两门课:广告和艺术,后来一个广告代理人说她画的画好,她要为自己的艺术赚钱所以去广场给别人画肖像,最重要的一点是不要轻易放弃。

试着多回想几次,记得要在脑海中产生生动的影像。就好像是要真的发生一样。历历在目…

培养或是提高边听边记的能力,配合图像记忆法,新托福听力真的没有同学们想象中那么难哦。

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