[托福词汇]托福高阶词汇list 5
以下是南京新航道为大家总结的托福高阶词汇list 5， 供各位考生参考。
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Abbreviate v.缩减
同shorten, reduce, condense, abridge
Scott abbreviated his speech, so he would not bore anyone.
斯科特缩减了他的演讲，以免让人感到厌烦。
adjacent adj.邻接的
同adjoining, bordering, neighboring, contiguous
Nick's house is adjacent to a large park.
尼克的家与一个大公园毗邻。
alternative n.选择
同choice, option, selection, substitute
Fred felt he had very few alternatives in choosing a career.
弗瑞德觉得他在职业上的选择余地很小。
arbitrary adj.①武断的;专制的②随意的
同1.dictatorial, subjective, domineering 2.random, capricious
The boss' arbitrary demands on his staff were unbearable.
老板专制的命令让职员无法忍受。
avocation n.副业;嗜好
同diversion, hobby, occupation, pastime
Louis' avocation as a ski instructor gradually became his full-time employment.
滑雪教练一职已从路易斯的副业逐渐变成他的全职了。
candidate n.候选人
同nominee, office-seeker, applicant, aspirant
Teresa has decided to become a candidate for mayor of our town.
特雷萨已决定作为候选人参加本镇镇长的竞选。
coagulate v.凝结
同solidify, jell, congeal, clot, curdle
The blood around the wound began to coagulate, slowing the loss of blood.伤口边的血开始凝结，减缓了血液的流失。
conceal v.隐藏
同hide, cover, secrete, stow
The brothers tried to conceal the puppy from their parents, but it was soon discovered.
这几个兄弟试图把小狗藏起来不让父母看到，但不久小狗就被发现了。
contiguity n.邻接
同juxtaposition, abutment, union, meeting
Our apartment building's contiguity to a supermarket is very convenient.
我们的公寓和超级市场相邻，购物相当方便。
daze v.使晕眩;使困惑
同dazzle, confuse, stum
The math problem dazed all of the students in the class.
这道数学题难倒了全班学生。
deprive v.剥夺
同strip, dispossess, divest, bereave, denude
The prisoners were deprived of any communication with the outside world.这些囚犯被剥夺了与外界进行沟通的自由。
discrepancy n.差异;不符
同inconsistency, disagreement, divergence, discordance
The manager found a discrepancy between the company's records and what actually sold.
经理发现公司的纪录与实际的销售不符。
Efface v.消除
同erase, eradicate, expunge, delete
The wind had effaced the deer's hoofprints from the snow.
风吹散了雪地上鹿留下的蹄印。*hoofprint n.蹄印
engross v.全神贯注
同absorb, preoccupy, engage
Richard engrossed himself in the study of marine biology.
理查德在全神贯注地研究海洋生物。
ethnic adj.种族的;人种的
同racial, national, native
Our school has students from different ethnic backgrounds.
我们学校的学生有着不同的种族背景。
facilitate v.使容易;促进
同smooth, ease, promote, speed up
Melissa's help facilitated our work to clean up the garage.
梅利莎的帮助加快了我们打扫车库的工作。
Exercise: Fill in the blanks.
1. Eating more grains is a healthy _____ to eating a lot of meat.
2. Three of the presidential _____ participated in the televised debate.
3. Jenny was _____ by the breathtaking scenery of the waterfall.
4. Diane was _____ in reading a book when I entered the room.
5. The fax machine has _____ communication between offices and homes considerably.
解答：1. Alternative 2. Candidates 3. Dazed 4. Engrossed 5. facilitated
principal adj.主要的
同chief, foremost, prime, main, leading
The principal aim of this plan is to find a way to help students improve their study habits.
这项计划的主要目标是找出一种帮助学生改善读书习惯的方法。
quibble n.遁辞
同evasion, equivocation, sophism
David has a quibble with my idea of buying new computers for the office.对我提出为办公室购买新电脑一事，戴维避而不答。
rampant adj.蔓延的;猖獗的;猛烈的
同widespread, rife, uncontrollable, excessive
You cannot allow children to rampant through the museum.
你不能任由小孩子在博物馆里乱跑。
reluctant adj.不情愿的
同unwilling, loath, averse, hesitant
Bert was reluctant to tell his mother the washing machine was broken again.伯特不愿告诉母亲洗衣机又坏了。
retreat v.撤退
同withdraw, recede, draw back
The soldiers retreated back to their camp in the hills.
士兵们撤回到山上的营地中。
sanction n.①批准②制裁
同1.confirmation, permission 2.boycott, penalty
The city government gave its sanction to the library to build a new wing.市政府批准图书馆兴建新的分馆。
setback n.挫折;后退
同backslide, defeat
Our building plans suffered a setback when a strong typhoon destroyed our building site.
强劲的台风摧毁了工地，使我们兴建大楼的计划停滞。
smear v.涂脏;中伤
同stain, besmirch, smudge
The children playing outside had smeared mud all over their clothes, faces and hands.
孩子们在屋外玩耍，用泥巴把衣服、脸和手都弄得脏兮兮的。
spur v.刺激
同incite, arouse, instigate, stir up
Her coach's encouragement helped spur Heather to run faster and win the race.
教练的鼓励刺激了希瑟，使她跑得更快并赢得了比赛。
stringent adj.严厉的
同strict, exacting, severe, forceful, rigorous
The military is famous for its stringent regulations of dress and behavior.军队以其严格的着装要求和行为规范而著称。
surpass v.凌驾
同excel, outdo, exceed
Tommy studied so hard that he surpassed all the other students in his class.
汤米非常用功，因此成绩比班上的其他同学都好。
thrall n.奴隶
同slave, serf, bondsman
The peasant farmers were the thralls of the lord of the castle.
这些农夫是这个城堡的主人的奴隶。
timid adj.胆怯的
同fearful, cowardly, shy
The tiny kitten was very timid, and too afraid to approach us.
这只小猫非常胆小，不敢靠近我们。
unassuming adj.谦虚的
同modest, retiring, reversed, humble
Don't be fooled by his unassuming manner; he is really a very proud man.别被他谦虚的态度骗了，其实他是个很骄傲的人。
valiant adj.勇敢的
同dauntless, brave, courageous, gallant, valorous
The doctor's valiant efforts finally saved the child's life.
医生无畏的努力终于挽救了孩子的生命。
wan adj.苍白的
同pale, pallid, colorless, bloodless, ashen
Tony looked so wan and tired that I knew something must be wrong.
托尼看起来是如此的苍白与疲惫，我知道一定出事了。
yoke n.轭;束缚
同bond, chain, link, tie, union
The farmer put a yoke on the oxen's necks and began to plow his fields.农夫把轭套在牛的脖子上，开始耕田。
Exercise: Fill in the blanks.
1. The _____ spread of the disease caused panic among the people of the country.
2. Although she was _____ to go, Tina came to the Assassin concert with me.
3. There were many _____ in organizing the business conference, but we finally succeeded.
4. Allan, who is anything but _____, often strikes up conversations with complete strangers.
5. Although she is a very accomplished pianist, she has a very _____ personality.
解答：1. Rampant 2. Reluctant 3. Setbacks 4. Timid 5. unassuming
