[托福写作]托福写作素材：名人追求完美

2. 追求完美

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追求完美

科学

Thomas Edison

Electric light bulb
Carbonized bamboo
Filament
“Genius is one percent of inspiration, and ninety-nine percent of perspiration.”
“We will make electricity so cheap that only the rich will burn candles.” 
“If you wish to succeed, you should use persistence as your good friend, experience as your reference, prudence as your brother and hope as your sentry.”
TS: By seeking after perfection, Thomas Edison endeavored to find the most suitable filament.

追求完美

公司

McDonald’s

1) 1940: The business began with a little restaurant opened by brothers Dick and Mac McDonald in San Bernardino, California.
2) The world ‘s largest chain of fast food restaurant
3) serving 47 million customers daily.
4) “QSCV” principle 
Q: quality
S: service
C: cleanliness
V: values
5) Beef> 40 steps
Milk< 4℃ 
Onion: 4 hours → trash
Fries> 7 minutes
Hamburger>10 minutes
6) Main policies 
Policy 1: The customer is always right. 
Policy 2: If the customer is ever wrong, read the policy 1. 
TS: Striving to achieve a superior goal, even if it might be unreachable right now, McDonald’s  disciplines itself by an extremely harsh principle, a principle called “ QSCV”, which means that quality, service, cleanliness and values.
Example: To ensure the quality of its hamburgers, the beef must be processed at least 40 steps before being sold. Similarly, for the freshness of the milk, its milk must be reserved under four centigrade in refrigerator. 
Likewise, to make the better taste of its onion and fries, if the onion has been reserved more than 4 hours after being chopped, it must be thrown away and if the fries has been kept more than 7 minutes after being fried, it also must be treated as trash.

Starbucks

1) A “third place” besides home and work
2) 1971: a local coffee bean roaster and retailer opened in Pike Place Market in Seattle, Washington
3) The largest coffeehouse company in the world
4) With 16,120 stores in 49 countries
5) Expansion: After 1990s, Starbucks was opening a new store every workday.
6) Logo: Twin-tailed siren
7) To ensure that coffee aroma is not adulterated
Non-smoking policy
Refrain its employees from wearing strong perfumes
Almost 70% of the coffee used by Starbucks comes from the sixth major coffee producer in the world, Guatemala.
Educates employees in coffee tasting, growing regions, roasting, and purchasing

追求完美

孟德斯鸠

Baron de Montesquieu，法国启蒙思想家 
追求完美的政治体系 
反对神学，提倡自然科学 
他最重要的贡献是对资产阶级的国家和法的学说作出了卓越贡献，提倡资产阶级的自由和平等，但同时又强调自由的实现要受法律的制约，政治自由并不是愿意做什么就做什么。他说“自由是做法律所许可的一切事情的权利；如果一个公民能够做法律所禁止的事情，他就不再有自由了。

乔托

Giotto, 意大利文艺复兴时期杰出的雕刻家，画家和建筑师 
突破了中世纪绘画缺乏艺术生命力的缺陷，创作了许多具有生活气息的宗教画。 
《中世纪的圣母》 
1. 反对僵硬的拜占庭绘画风格﹝ltalo-Byzantine﹞，他认为宗教人物如圣母和耶稣，也是有血有肉的人，因此他特别加强了人物画中的肌理感 
2. 也将过去平板的金或蓝色背景改为简单朴实的背景。废除了金碧辉煌的修饰 
对宗教界有深远影响，使得圣母人性化。他认为画画的关键在于观念，不在于技法。 
他使得西方艺术家了解到，只有可视的，具体的客观世界，才能使人获得真知
追求完美的艺术，体现人的价值 
圣母人性化

梵高

Vincent Willem van Gogh was a Dutch post-Impressionist painter whose work had a far-reaching influence on 20th century art for its vivid colors and emotional impact. He suffered from anxiety and increasingly frequent bouts of mental illness throughout his life and died, largely unknown, at the age of 37 from a self-inflicted gunshot wound. Little appreciated during his lifetime, his fame grew in the years after his death. Today, he is widely regarded as one of history's greatest painters and an important contributor to the foundations of modern art.
不被承认，依然追求心中的艺术