2024年4月13日雅思大作文示范写作 | 犯罪是天性使然还是社会环境影响
每场雅思考试之后，第 一时间分享本场考试雅思A类大作文的范文权威解析。欢迎每周锁定。
本期作者：张婷婷
2024年4月13日雅思大作文示范写作 | 犯罪是天性使然还是社会环境影响
Some think most crime is the result of circumstances e.g. poverty and other social problems. Others believe that most crime is caused by people who are bad by nature. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.(2024/04/13)
范文及解析
Introduction
The public's viewpoint to elucidate the chief culprit of criminality has been sparked by the recent spike in the crime rate. While many opine that someone is born to be a malefactor, others maintain that wealth and social environment are the two core variables.
解析
本次考题是2014考过的题目，讨论犯罪的原因是天性使然还是社会环境;双方观点内容上并不冲突，分别论述不同因素的影响即可;
❖ elucidate v.<正式>阐明，解释;
❖ culprit n.问题的起因;
❖ criminality n.犯罪;犯罪行为;
❖ spike n.猛增，急升;
❖ malefactor n.作恶者;罪犯;
译文参考：
最近犯罪率的急剧上升引起了公众对犯罪的原因的关注。虽然许多人认为有人天生是一个罪犯，但也有人认为财富和社会环境是两个核心变量。
Body 1
Exterior circumstances are crucial parameters exerting an immense effect on the overall crime rate. In a nation providing a robust welfare system accompanied with a high level of employment, rarely will citizens perpetrate crimes. For instance, while everyone in Switzerland possesses a gun, the nation's crime rate is negligible, mostly due to its tranquil and prosperous society. Furthermore, the crime rate varies with societal environments. For example, afflicted with an upsurge in the unemployment rate, there was a marked increment in larceny and robbery during the Great Depression in America. The laid-off would be bound to transgress in order to survive during the regression in economy.
解析
(1) 外部环境是对整体犯罪率产生巨大影响的关键
(2) 犯罪率随社会环境而变化
❖ parameter n.界限，范围;参数，变量;
❖ robust adj.(系统或组织)稳固的，健全的;
❖ perpetrate vt.犯(罪);做(恶);
❖ negligible adj.微不足道的，不值一提的;
❖ tranquil adj.平静的，宁静的;
❖ afflicted with 受到……的折磨或痛苦;
❖ larceny n.盗窃;盗窃罪
❖ transgress n.犯罪;违反;
译文参考：
外部环境是对整体犯罪率产生巨大影响的关键。在一个福利制度健全、就业率高的国家，公民很少会犯罪。例如，虽然瑞士的每个人都有枪，但这个国家的犯罪率可以忽略不计，这主要归功于其宁静繁荣的社会。此外，犯罪率随社会环境而变化。例如，在美国经济大萧条期间，由于失业率上升，盗窃和抢劫明显增加。在经济衰退的背景下，下岗职工为了生存，必然会出现违法行为。
Body 2
The other stance is that some people are innate criminals because the nature of humans is greed. It is this genetic character that lures people to easily go astray. If the temptation is challenging to be refrained from, people probably predispose themselves to being hot-headed and rushing into danger without taking negative consequences into accounts. For example, in many countries plagued by corruption, greedy officials take bribes in order to satiate their ballooning desire for a more affluent life. That is to say, as long as greed is ingrained in humans’ minds, crimes cannot be effectively curbed, not to mention being utterly expunged.
解析
(1) 有些人天生就是罪犯，因为人类的本性是贪婪的
(2) 只要贪婪在人类的思想中根深蒂固，犯罪就不能得到有效的遏制
❖ innate adj.先天的，固有的;
❖ lure v.引诱，诱惑;
❖ predispose v.使倾向于，使受……的影响;
❖ plague v.困扰，折磨;烦扰;
❖ bribe n.贿赂;
❖ ballooning adj.充气的，鼓胀的;
❖ affluent adj.富裕的，富足的;
❖ ingrained adj.根深蒂固的;
❖ utterly adv.完全地，彻底地;
❖ expunge vt.擦去;删掉;
译文参考：
另一种观点是，有些人天生就是罪犯，因为人类的本性是贪婪的。正是这种遗传特征使人容易误入歧途。如果诱惑难以控制，人们可能会倾向于头脑发热，不考虑可怕的后果就冲向危险。例如，在许多受腐败困扰的国家，贪得无厌的官员收受贿赂以满足他们对更富裕生活的不断膨胀的愿望。也就是说，只要贪婪在人类的思想中根深蒂固，犯罪就不能得到有效的遏制，更不用说被彻底消灭了。
Conclusion
In my book, the reason why people violate laws cannot be lucidly enunciated. In certain well-to-do nations, like the USA, intelligent and well-off people will become an abuser to sexually assault the young with a view to satisfying their abnormal psychological need. It does not, however, merely portend that committing crimes has to be associated with people who are financially strapped. These would-be criminals depend extensively on their own conduct involving various unpredictable triggers.
解析
❖ in my book 在我看来;
❖ lucidly adv.清透地;清晰地;
❖ enunciate v.阐明;
❖ well-to-do adj.小康的;富裕的;
❖ abuser n.滥用者;施虐者;
❖ portend vt.;意味着;
❖ strapped adj.缺钱的，手头拮据的;
❖ trigger n.起因，诱因;
译文参考：
在我看来，人们违法的原因无法清楚地阐明。在某些富裕的国家，如美国，聪明和富裕的人会成为施虐者，性侵犯年轻人，以满足他们不正常的心理需求。然而，这并不仅仅预示着犯罪必须与经济拮据的人联系在一起。这些潜在的罪犯很大程度上取决于他们自己的行为，这些行为包含各种不可预测的触发因素。
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