托福阅读看不懂？托福阅读不读文章，也能做对的题目！

来源：浏览：发布日期：2021-10-22 17:10

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　　托福阅读看不懂？托福阅读不读文章，也能做对的题目！如果有人跟你说某道题目不读文章也一定能做对，那他通常就是在骗你，但是在TOEFL阅读中真的有两种题型，往往可以在不读文章的时候就能做对——词汇题和句子简化题。

　　词汇题

　　词汇题的题干：The word “XX” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　这种题型本质上是在考查学生词汇量。通常情况下，原文问的那个词你认识，选项单词也都认识，那么就能做对。例如：

　　The word “despondent” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. curious

　　B. unhappy

　　C. thoughtful

　　D. uncertain

　　这道题的做题过程并没有借助文章的内容，只要认识单词就能做对。

　　当然，在比较罕见的情况下，词汇题中多个选项都符合题干单词的本意，那么这个时候需要借助单词的上下文才能确定答案选什么，比如：

　　The largest Pueblos had five stories and more than 800 rooms.

　　The word "stories" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　A. articles

　　B. tales

　　C. levels

　　D. rumors

　　句子简化题

　　句子简化题的题干：

　　Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

　　这种题考查的是从原文的某个长句中提炼出核心信息（归纳句子3s版本）的能力，通常针对的是句子本身的理解，因而通常并不需要借助上下文。

　　例如：

　　Hills and mountains are often regarded as the epitome of permanence, successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, but in fact they tend to be relatively short-lived in geological terms.

　　A. When they are relatively young, hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature.

　　B. Although they seem permanent, hills and mountains exist for a relatively short period of geological time.

　　C. Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but only for a short time.

　　D. Hills and mountains resist the destructive forces of nature better than other types of landforms.

　　这道题的做题过程并不需要借助上下文。

　　但是在极少数特例中，上下文也会为句子简化题提供一些做题线索。比如：

　　Only recently have investigators considered using these plants to clean up soil and waste sites that have been contaminated by toxic levels of heavy metals-an environmentally friendly approach known as phytoremediation. This scenario begins with the planting of hyperaccumulating species in the target area, such as an abandoned mine or an irrigation pond contaminated by runoff.

　　A. Before considering phytoremediation, hyperaccumulating species of plants local to the target area must be identified.

　　B. The investigation begins with an evaluation of toxic sites in the target area to determine the extent of contamination.

　　C. The first step in phytoremediation is the planting of hyperaccumulating plants in the area to be cleaned up.

　　D. Mines and irrigation ponds can be kept from becoming contaminated by planting hyperaccumulating species in targeted areas.