大家知道英语中有不少词汇来自德语、法语、拉丁语吗,比如“PS”、“elite”、“Hamburger”,我们英语学习者也太难了,不仅要记英文本身的单词,还要记这么多的外来词。
更离谱的是,不同词源的单词竟然还有一个“高 级程度鄙视链”,你会发现许多高 级表达竟然都是法语。
在正式文书或学术文章里面,往往拉丁语出现的比例较日常用语则大幅上升,哥相信这一点法学生们和医学生们应该深有体会了。
雅思的阅读文章常常摘自严肃的期刊杂志,文中出现拉丁语当然不奇怪。
今天南京雅思培训机构老师整理了一期英语中常用的拉丁语合集,让烤鸭小伙伴们阅读中遇到拉丁语不慌,写作中适当使用给考官“炫个技”!
01
quid pro quo 等价交换
英文释义:
something that you offer or give to someone in return for something that they have offered or given you
例句:
They share a great deal of information on a quid pro quo basis.
他们以平等交换为基础共享了大量的信息。(源自《柯林斯大字典》)
02
Ergo 因此
英文释义:therefore
例句:
Neither side would have a real incentive to start a war. Ergo, peace would reign.
双方都没有发动战争的真实动机。因此,和平将会到来。(《源自柯林斯双解大词典》)
03
Bona fide 真诚的、真正的
英文释义:
a bona fide person or thing is really what they seem to be or what they claim to be
例句:
We are happy to donate to bona fide charitable causes.
我们很乐意向真正的慈善事业捐赠。(源自《柯林斯双解大词典》)
04
De facto 事实上的
英文释义:
actual, even though not official
例句:
This might be interpreted as a de facto recognition of the republic's independence.
这也许可解释为对共和国独立存在的认可。(源自《柯林斯双解大词典》)
其他用法还有:de facto marriage 事实婚姻,de facto standard 约定俗成的标准
05
Per se 就...本身而言
英文释义:
considered by itself used for emphasizing that you are not considering something in relation to anything else
例句:
The drug is not harmful per se, but is dangerous when taken with alcohol.
这个药本身并没有害,但是当它和酒精一起服用就变得很危险了。(源自《牛津词典》)
06
Vice versa 反之亦然
英文释义:
the opposite of what has been said
例句:
They want to send students from low-income homes into more affluent neighborhoods and vice versa.
他们想把来自低收入家庭的学生送到较为富裕的地区,反之亦然。(源自《柯林斯双解大词典》)
07
Ad hoc 专门
英文释义:
done only when needed for a specific purpose, without planning or preparation
例句:
Despite several councils being involved, the trials are ad hoc - each is doing it differently.
尽管几个委员会已经介入了,专门的审判还是分开进行中。(源自BBC)
*以上所有英文释义出自《麦克米伦英文字典》
以上就是南京雅思培训机构老师整理的英语中常用的拉丁语合集,拉丁词源词汇当然不止这些,这里只是挑选了一些雅思文章中常见的词汇供大家学习了解,希望能对大家有所帮助,更多有关雅思考试的问题,可以咨询新航道老师。