如何避免雅思写出过于夸张的论点?雅思写作写出这样的论据可能就凉了。。。很多雅思的老师都告诉学生“论点是什么不重要”,但这其实是不对的。没错,你的确可以随便选是“agree”还是“disagree”都没有关系(选择的观点不影响得分)。但是你如果想要在雅思写作中拿到高分,那么你的论点能不能紧扣主题,是不是有说服力就非常的重要了。今天的文章里面,新航道南京雅思培训机构小编就带大家看一下如何避免写出过于夸张的论点(尤其在cause & effect文章里面很容易丢分),可以大幅度的去提高你文章论点质量的方法!
什么是紧扣主题&有说服力的观点
“紧扣主题”非常好理解,就是针对话题的观点,那么“有说服力”是什么意思呢?“有说服力”的意思就是考官看到你的观点以后默默的点头同意因为这些观点真实,符合现实情况。很多同学在写作中常犯的问题就是写非常夸张的论点,所以这些论点就缺乏说服力。这是因为很多学生都会去给出一些大方向的倾向性的论点,而不是精确的解释。这是很多同学在写cause & effect文章时的一个问题,拿一个真题来举例子:
“In many countries, the tradition of having family meals together is disappearing. Why is this happening? What will the effects of this be on the family and society?”
大部分考生都很好地回应“回答为什么团圆饭更少了?”这个问题比如说下面一这些论点:
• In most households today, both parents work and simply do not have enough time to prepare a meal that can be eaten around a table.
• People tend to eat more often outside the home i.e. children eat at school / parents in a canteen.
• Children take part in after school activities and so coordinating one meal that can be eaten by everybody at the same time is hard.
这些论点就非常紧扣主题且有说服力,这的确都是真实,现实的理由。
那么问题一般都出在大家回答第二个问题,也就是写effect的时候。一般来说大家都可以看出来家庭聚餐的变少对家庭关系结构是负面的影响,但是到具体去写是什么负面影响的时候,大部分学生的论点就变得过于极端,夸张:
• Children of families who do not eat together turn to crime and often commit murder. – REALLY?
• Children from families that have disintegrated usually end up being drug addicts. – REALLY?
• Parents who do not eat together get divorced. – REALLY?
这都是曾经看到的烤鸭们作文中的论点,那在这里我希望大家问问自己,这些论点真的现实,真实,合理吗?真的有人认为青少年犯罪的主要原因是少了几顿家庭聚餐吗?或者是边看电视边吃饭的小孩就会容易变成失足有瘾少年?或者离婚率的增长是因为家庭聚餐少导致的?根本就不可能!这些论点都是逻辑过于简化的产物,它们都太过夸张极端,所以不会有什么说服力,这也就导致这样的论点是不可能在task response(任务回应)这一项上拿到超过6分的。
比较让人遗憾的是写出这些论点的同学其实本来是在正确的道路上的,只是他们走得太远了。这里需要做的事情就是从这些过于极端的论点这里往回退两步,到不那么夸张而是更现实合理的观点这边来。而做到这点你只要问自己“why”,你为什么觉得这些论点合理。
• Why do children “commit crimes”? 青少年为什么犯罪? 一般来说可能是因为家长没有好好的管教他们所以没有发现问题。
• Why do people get divorced? 夫妻为什么离婚?很可能是他们在一起的时间不多,交流少,所以他们开始渐行渐远。
发现了吗?当我们从原本的极端论点往后退两步,我们其实得到了更好的更真实合理的一些论点,我们可以把这些论点变成我们文章中的一段:
“Unfortunately, this trend can lead to a number of negative outcomes. Firstly, when families sit down and eat together every day, it is easy for the parents to see subtle changes in their children’s behavior that could be warning sign of an underlying problem. For example, they might be experiencing some difficulties at school such as bullying, or they may have fallen out with friends. Once family member seat separately, the opportunity for daily observation is lost and, as a result, younger family members’ problems can go unrecognized. Over time, this can lead to them becoming depressed or acting out in other ways, which could affect their schoolwork or their ability to interact with others in society in general. In the same way, if the adult members of the family both work long hours, then a shared meal might be the only time that they have to really connect each day. Thus, not having this meal can result in them becoming distanced. In the worse cases, this might lead to the breakdown of communication and even, eventually, in divorce.”
看出哪里不同了吗?我从这两个论点出发(crime and divorce)提取出了更加现实合理,符合逻辑的论点。注意我保留了“divorce” ,但是我这里说的是最坏的一个可能性而不是必然会发生的结果。说实话,就算是有这么一个前提,这样的论点还是稍微有一些过于极端,但至少我给出了一个前提和理由以后,这个论点还是有说服力的。
所以,如果你对cause & effect类型的文章比较不擅长,我的意见是不要直接给出极端的论点来支持你的观点。尝试往后退两步,分析一下,给考官一个更合理真实,更符合逻辑的论点。如果你能做到这点的话,你在task response这项上面得到7分8分甚至是9分的可能性才会更高。
新航道南京雅思培训机构小编希望大家觉得这篇文章有所帮助!在平时练习的时候一定要注意不要过于夸大自己的论点!