雅思阅读真题解析-剑16Test1Passage1-Why we need to protect polar bears

雅思阅读真题解析-剑16Test1Passage1-Why we need to protect polar bears

判断题：

Q1:

Polar bears suffer from various health problems due to the build-up of fat under their skin.

分析：题干中划定位词的有various health problems【众多健康问题，疾病】，fat和skin。这道题考的点可能是是非考点，也就是suffer from到底是不是发生了；或者是因果考点，也就是说是不是fat导致health problems.

定位：1 ...One reason for this is that they have up to 11 centimetres of fat underneath their skin. Humans with comparative levels of adipose tissue would be considered obese and would be likely to suffer from diabetes and heart disease. Yet the polar bear experiences no such consequences.

题干中的various health problems对应suffer from diabetes and heart disease，这句话的主语是humans；下一句的experiences no such consequences中，such consequences指的是前一句的diabetes and heart disease;题干中的suffer from【遭受】与原文中的experiences no such consequences【不会经历这种后果】是矛盾的，所以答案是FALSE。

Q2：

The study done by Liu and his colleagues compared different groups of polar bears.

分析：题干中划定位词的有study ，Liu and his colleagues和different groups。这道题考察的是是非考点，也就是说他们做的实验到底有没有compare【比较】different groups of polar bears。这里要注意，不要在原文中找到compare你就判TRUE，一定要看比较的是不是different groups of polar bears。

定位：2 A 2014 studyby Shi Ping Liu and colleaguessheds light on this mystery. They comparedthe genetic structure of polar bears with that of their closest relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears. This allowed them to determine the genes that have allowed polar bears to survive in one of the toughest environments on Earth. Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APoB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) - a form of ‘bad’cholesterol. In humans, mutations of this gene are associated with increased risk of heart disease. Polar bears may therefore be an important study model to understand heart disease in humans.

题干中的compare原词重现，这帮人的确compare了，那我们接着往后找compare的对象。往后说的是genetic structure of polar bearswiththat oftheir closest relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears,他们比较了polar bear和brown bear的genetic structure。所以虽然发生了compare，但是他们比较的是两个品种，一个polar,一个brown，所以他们不是different groups of polar bear，而是different types of bears。所以题目相当于把different types改成了different groups，答案是FALSE。

Q3：

Liu and colleagues were the first researchers to compare polar bears and brown bears genetically.

分析：题干中划定位词的有polar bears and brown bears genetically。这道题考察的是是非考点，也就是说确定他们是不是the first researchers 。

定位：2 ...Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APoB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) - a form of ‘bad’cholesterol. In humans, mutations of this gene are associated with increased risk of heart disease. Polar bears may therefore be an important study model to understand heart disease in humans.

从第2题的位置到第4题的定位词'bad’cholesterol为止都没有出现the first researchers对应的表示顺序的词，我们无法得知他们是不是first researchers。所以这道题答案是NOT GIVEN。

Q4：

Polar bears are able to control their levels of ‘bad’ cholesterol by genetic means.

分析：题干中划定位词的有‘bad’cholesterol。这道题考察的是是非考点，也就是说确定polar bears到底能不能control their levels of ‘bad’cholesterol 。

定位：2 ...This allowed them to determine the genes that have allowed polar bears to survive in one of the toughest environments on Earth. Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APoB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) - a form of ‘bad’cholesterol. In humans, mutations of this gene are associated...

原文中的polar bears had...和which reduces levels of 对应题干中的are able to， 题干中的by genetic means对应a gene known as APoB，所以题干与原文的内容对应，答案是TRUE。

Q5：

Female polar bears are able to survive for about six months without food.

分析：题干中划定位词的有six months 和food。这道题考察的是是非考点，也就是说确定polar bears到底能不能在without food的情况下能不能survive six month 。

定位：3 ...Female polar bears, however, undergo extreme conditions during every pregnancy. Once autumn comes around, these females will dig maternity dens in the snow and will remain there throughout the winter, both before and after the birth of their cubs. This process results in about six months of fasting, where the female bears have to keep themselves and their cubs alive, depleting their own calcium and calorie reserves. Despite this, their bones remain strong and dense.

原文中的about six month fasting 【禁食】对应题干中的about six months without food, 原文中的female bears have to keep themselves and their cubs alive对应题干中的are able to survive。如果你看原文中的have to【不得不】怀疑它们能不能生存的话，接着往后看，depleting their own calcium and calorie reserves. Despite this, their bones remain strong and dense.这句话说的是消耗母熊自己的钙元素和能量储存。尽管这样，她们的骨骼还是强壮并且保持高密度。说明他们活下来了，所以答案是TRUE。

Q6：

It was found that the bones of female polar bears were very weak when they came out of their dens in spring.

分析：这道题可以划定位词的有bones of female polar bears，dens和spring。这道题考察也是是非考点，母熊的骨骼到春天是不是weak。

定位：4 Physiologists Alanda Lennox and Allen Goodship found an explanation for this paradox in 2008. They discovered that pregnant bears were able to increase the density of their bones before they started to build their dens. In addition, six months later, when they finally emerged from the den with their cubs, there was no evidence of significant loss of bone density.

原文中的后半句no evidence of significant loss of bone density意味着她们没有丢失显著的骨质密度，与题干中的bones of female polar bears were very weak是矛盾的，所以答案是FALSE。

Q7：

The polar bear’s mechanism for increasing bone density could also be used by people one day.

分析：这道题可以划定位词的有polar bear’s mechanism, people和one day。这道题考察也是是非考点，这个机制将来到底能不能用到人身上。

定位：4 ...If the mechanism of bone remodelling in polar bears can be understood, many bedridden humans, and even astronauts, could potentially benefit.

这句中的bedridden humans, and even astronaut对应题干中的humans，这句中的could potentially benefit对应题干中的could also be used, 所以答案是TRUE。

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