雅思阅读真题解析-剑16Test2Passage2-I contain multitudes-摘要选择题
雅思阅读真题解析-剑16Test2Passage2-I contain multitudes-摘要选择题?
摘要选择题
Q17
Yong’s book argues that we should be more tolerant of microbes. Many have a beneficial effect, and only a relatively small number lead to 17...............
分析
题干中可以划定位词的有Young’s books和smaller number。空格前面是lead to【导致】，所以空格应该写名词。这句说many have a beneficial effect, and only small number lead to，所以这句话作者在替mibrobe说话，说明大多时候有益的，只有少数才会导致...，说明空格应该写跟疾病相关的名词。
定位
6Yong’s book is in many ways a plea for microbial tolerance, pointing out that while fewer than one hundred species of bacteria bring disease, many thousands more play a vital role in maintaining our health. The book also acknowledges that our attitude towards bacteria is not a simple one. We tend to see the dangers posed by bacteria, yet at the same time we are sold yoghurts and drinks that supposedly nurture ‘friendly’bacteria. In reality, says Yong, bacteria should not be viewed as either friends or foes, villains or heroes. Instead we should realise we have a symbiotic relationship, that can be mutually beneficial or mutually destructive.
答案
上文第 一句中出现了定位词Young’s book, 这句中的fewer than one hundered species 对应题干中的only a relatively small number， 这句中的bring【带来】对应题干中的lead to， 所以答案是disease的原词或同义替换词。选项中的G illness满足要求，所以答案选G。
Q18
And although it is misleading to think of microbes as ‘friendly’, we should also stop thinking of them as the enemy. In fact, we should accept that our relationship with microbes is one based on 18............... New research shows that microbes have numerous benefits for humans.
分析
题干中可以划定位词有‘friendly’, enemy和relationship。空格前面是based on, 所以空格应该写名词。这句话是主系表结构，也就是one based on...这个内容是修饰relationship的特点。
定位
6...The book also acknowledges that our attitude towards bacteria is not a simple one. We tend to see the dangers posed by bacteria, yet at the same time we are sold yoghurts and drinks that supposedly nurture ‘friendly’bacteria. In reality, says Yong, bacteria should not be viewed as either friends or foes, villains or heroes. Instead we should realise we have a symbiotic relationship, that can be mutually beneficial or mutually destructive.
答案
上文第二句出现了‘friendly’, 第四句出现了relationship。既然空格在relationship出现的这句话里，所以我们优先考虑在这句里找答案。这句里修饰relationship特点词是symbiotic 【共生的】。所以我们从选项中找出跟这个词对应的名词即可。选项中B partnership【合作关系】对应symbiotic， 所以答案选B。
Q19-20
Amongst other things, they aid digestion, remove poisons, produce vitamins and may even help reduce obesity. However, there is a growing problem. Our poor 19 ..............., our overuse of antibiotics, and our excessive focus on 20 ............... are upsetting the bacterial balance and may be contributing to the huge increase in allergies and immune system problems.
分析
题干中可以划定位词的有digestion, poisons, vitamins, obesity, antibiotics, balance和immune system problems。第19题空格前面是our poor，所以空格写名词，而且这个短语需要与our overuse of antibiotics和our excessive focus并列。第20题前面是focus on,所以空格写名词。19题，overuse of antibiotics和20题都讲的是人们的不好的习惯。
定位
7 What then do these millions of organisms do? The answer is pretty much everything. New research is now unravelling the ways in which bacteria aid digestion, regulate our immune systems, eliminate toxins, produce vitamins, affect our behaviour and even combat obesity. ‘They actually help us become who we are,’says Yong. But we are facing a growing problem. Our obsession with hygiene, our overuse of antibiotics and our unhealthy, low-fibre diets are disrupting the bacterial balance and may be responsible for soaring rates of allergies and immune problems, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
答案
上文第二句出现了定位词digestion，immune systems，vitamins和obesity。这句话开始应该找三个并列的短语。上文最后一句出现的our obsession with【对...着迷】对应题干中的our excessive focus on【对...过度关注】，所以紧跟其后的词hygiene【干净】原词或同义替换词是20题的答案。选项中E cleanliness满足要求，所以20题答案是E。
这句话往后看our overuse of antibiotics原词重现了，所以剩下的our unhealthy, low-fibre 【不健康的，低纤维的】应该对应第19题空格前面的our poor 【我们糟糕的...】，所以紧跟其后的diet【饮食】或者它的同义替换词是答案。选项中满足要求的答案是H nutrition， 所以第19题选H。
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