雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test1Passage3-What is exploration?-单选题
雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test1Passage3-What is exploration?-单选题
单选题
Questions 27-32
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D
Write the correct letter in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.
Q27
The writer refers to visitors to New York to illustrate the point that
A exploration is an intrinsic element of being human
B most people are enthusiastic about exploring
C exploration can lead to surprising results
D most people find exploration daunting.
分析
题干可以划定位词的有visitors to New York，作者提及这个例子是为了证明自己的论点，所以可以在这一句的前一句或最后的总结句找出答案。
A exploration is an intrinsic element of being human
分析：选项可以划关键词的有intrinsic element【内在的元素】和human。
B most people are enthusiastic about exploring
分析：选项可以划的关键词有most people。
C exploration can lead to surprising results
分析：选项可以划关键词的有surprising results。
D most people find exploration daunting.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有most people。
定位
1 We are all explorers. Our desire to discover, and then share that new-found knowledge, is part of what makes us human - indeed, this has played an important part in our success as a species. Long before the first caveman slumped down, beside the fire and grunted news that there were plenty of wildebeest over yonder, our ancestors had learnt the value of sending out scouts to investigate the unknown. This questing nature of ours undoubtedly helped our species spread around the globe, just as it nowadays no doubt helps the last nomadic Penan maintain their existence in the depleted forests of Borneo, and a visitor negotiate the subways of New York.
答案
上文最后一句出现了a visitor negotiate the subways of New York对应题干中的定位词，这句开头是just as【正如】，所以我们看前半句就可以找到这个例子的论点。前半句中的关键词有This questing nature of ours【我们这个探索的本质】，species和globe。这句中的questing nature of ours 对应A选项中的exploration is an intrinsic element of being human，对应分别是exploration对应questing，intrinsic element对应nature， human对应ours，所以答案是A。
Q28
According to the second paragraph, what is the writer’s view of explorers?
A Their discoveries have brought both benefits and disadvantages.
B Their main value is in teaching others.
C They act on an urge that is common to everyone.
D They tend to be more attracted to certain professions than to others.
分析
题干可以划定位词的有second paragraph，题干中的writer’s view在原文中不太可能原词重现，更有可能直接说explorers 怎么怎么样。
A Their discoveries have brought both benefits and disadvantages.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有benefits and disadvantages。
B Their main value is in teaching others.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有main value。
C They act on an urge that is common to everyone.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有urge和everyone。
D They tend to be more attracted to certain professions than to others.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有professions。
定位
2 Over the years, we’ve come to think of explorers as a peculiar breed- different from the rest of us different from those of us who are merely ‘well travelled’, even; and perhaps there is a type of person more suited to seeking out the new, a type of caveman more inclined to risk venturing out. That, however, doesn’t take away from the fact that we all have this enquiring instinct, even today; and that in all sorts of professions- whether artist, marine biologist or astronomer- borders of the unknown are being tested each day.
答案
上文第 一句的主语是we，不能跟题干中的writer’s view对应，所应该我们应该从这句结束的地方—That, however开始看。这句话没有别的表示人的主语，所以可以表示作者观点。这句中的关键词we, all和enquiring instinct，这几个词对应C选项中的They act on an urge that is common to everyone，对应关系分别是we all对应common to everyone， enquiring instinct对应urge,所以答案是C。
Q29
The writer refers to a description of Egdon Heath to suggest that
A Hardy was writing about his own experience of exploration.
B Hardy was mistaken about the nature of exploration.
C Hardy’s aim was to investigate people’s emotional states.
D Hardy’s aim was to show the attraction of isolation.
分析
题干可以划定位词的有Egdon Heath，按理说应该看例子的前一句或最后一句，但四个选项的主语都是Hardy，所以我们要看一下这句本身，找跟Hardy相关的信息。
A Hardy was writing about his own experience of exploration.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有own experience。
B Hardy was mistaken about the nature of exploration.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有nature of exploration。
C Hardy’s aim was to investigate people’s emotional states.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有emotional states。
D Hardy’s aim was to show the attraction of isolation.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有attraction of isolation。
定位
3 Thomas Hardy set some of his novels in Egdon Heath, a fictional area of uncultivated land, and used the landscape to suggest the desires and fears of his characters. He is delving into matters we all recognise because they are common to humanity. This is surely an act of exploration, and into a world as remote as the author chooses…
答案
上文第 一句出现了题干中的Egdon Heath和选项中的Thomas Hardy， 这句中的关键词有uncultivated land，landscape和desires and fears of his characters。跟这些关键词对应的选项是C Hardy’s aim was to investigate people’s emotional states，对应关系分别是used…to对应选项中的aim was to， suggest对应选项中的investigate，desires and fears of his character对应选项中的people’s emotional states，所以答案是C。
Q30
In the fourth paragraph, the writer refers to ‘a golden age’to suggest that
A the amount of useful information produced by exploration has decreased
B fewer people are interested in exploring than in the 19th century
C recent developments have made exploration less exciting
D we are wrong to think that exploration is no longer necessary
分析
题干可以划定位词的有fourth paragraph和 ‘a golden age’。我们看这个词出现的前一句或后一句即可。
A the amount of useful information produced by exploration has decreased
分析：选项可以划关键词的有information。
B fewer people are interested in exploring than in the 19th century
分析：选项可以划关键词的有fewer people和in the 19thcentury。
C recent developments have made exploration less exciting
分析：选项可以划关键词的有recent development。
D we are wrong to think that exploration is no longer necessary
分析：选项可以划关键词的有wrong和no longer necessary
定位
4 In this book about the exploration of the earth’s surface, I have confined myself to those whose travels were real and who also aimed at more than personal discovery. But that still left me with another problem: the word ‘explorer’has become associated with a past era. We think back to a golden age, as if exploration peaked somehow in the 19th century- as if the process of discovery is now on the decline, though the truth is that we have named only one and a half million of this planet’s species, and there may be more than 10 million - and that’s not including bacteria. We have studied only 5 per cent of the species we know. We have scarcely mapped the ocean floors, and know even less about ourselves; we fully understand the workings of only 10 per cent of our brains.
答案
上文第三句出现了golden age，这句后半句中出现了转折，转折前面的主语是we，说明这是普遍的看法，转折后边的主语是the truth, 意味着这是作者想提出的论点。我们从选项中找出作者反驳的选项即可。满足要求的选项有D we are wrong to think that exploration is no longer necessary，对应关系分别是though the truth is that对应选项中的wrong to think（转折表示否定前面的论点），we have named only one and a half million of（这句中的only表示作者觉得我们的发现非常少量；一般作者觉得少的时候用only, 表示量多或者一个现象令人惊讶的时候用even）往后的内容都表示我们知道的很少，从反面表示我们需要继续探索（这是判断题中讲过的互补的说法，也就是从问的另一面表达），所以这道题的答案是D。如果对于不上no longer necessary的内容，就对应转折跟wrong to think去确定答案也可以。
Q31
In the sixth paragraph, when discussing the definition of exploration, the writer argues that
A people tend to relate exploration to their own professional interests
B certain people are likely to misunderstand the nature of exploration
C the generally accepted definition has changed over time
D historians and scientists have more valid definitions than the general public.
分析
题干可以划定位词的有sixth paragraph, 题干中的definition或它的同义替换词所在的句子找到即可。
A people tend to relate exploration to their own professional interests
分析：选项可以划关键词的有people和own professional interests。
B certain people are likely to misunderstand the nature of exploration
分析：选项可以划关键词的有certain people和nature。
C the generally accepted definition has changed over time
分析：选项可以划关键词的有definition和over time。
D historians and scientists have more valid definitions than the general public.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有historians and scientists和general public。
定位
6 Each definition is slightly different- and tends to reflect the field of endeavour of each pioneer. It was the same whoever asked: the prominent historian would say exploration was a thing of the past, the cutting-edge scientist would say it was of the present. And so on. They each set their own particular criteria; the common factor in their approach being that they all had, unlike many of us who simply enjoy travel or discovering new things both a very definite objective from the outset and also desire to record their findings.
答案
上文第 一句出现了definition，这句中的关键词有different和field of endeavor 【某个人奋斗的领域】，对应的选项是A people tend to relate exploration to their own professional interests。对应关系分别是each pioneer对应选项中的people，tends to reflect【倾向于反应出】对应选项中的relate…to，field of endeavor对应选项中的own professional interests，所以答案是A。
Q32
In the last paragraph, the writer explains that he is interested in
A how someone’s personality is reflected in their choice of places to visit.
B the human ability to cast new light on places that may be familiar.
C how travel writing has evolved to meet changing demands.
D the feelings that writers develop about the places that they explore.
分析
题干可以定位词的有last paragraph，题干中的interested in对应的内容所在的句子就是答案所在句。
A how someone’s personality is reflected in their choice of places to visit.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有someone’s personality和choice of places。
B the human ability to cast new light on places that may be familiar.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有human ability和new light。
C how travel writing has evolved to meet changing demands.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有travel writing和changing demands。
D the feelings that writers develop about the places that they explore.
分析：选项可以划关键词的有feelings，writers和places。
定位
7 I’d best declare my own bias. As a writer, I’m interested in the exploration of ideas. I’ve done a great many expeditions and each one was unique. I’ve lived for months alone with isolated groups of people all around the world, even two ‘uncontacted tribes’. But none of these things is of the slightest interest to anyone unless, through my books, I’ve found a new slant, explored a new idea. Why ? Because the world has moved on. The time has long passed for the great continental voyages- another walk to the poles, another crossing of the Empty Quarter. We know how the land surface of our planet lies; exploration of it is now down to the details- the habits of microbes, say, or the grazing behaviour of buffalo. Aside from the deep sea and deep underground, it‘s the era of specialists.However, this is to disregard the role the human mind has in conveying remote places; and this is what interests me: how a fresh interpretation, even of a well-travelled route, can give its readers new insights.
答案
上文深蓝色标出的内容已经用于填空题，所以我们看转折往后的内容即可。最后一句中我们可以看到this is what interests me，对应题干中的the writer explains that he is interested in，冒号后边的内容是ta感兴趣的内容。冒号后边句子中的关键词有fresh interpretation， readers和new insights。相关的选项有B the human ability to cast new light on places that may be familiar。对应关系分别是new insight【新的见解】对应选项中的cast new light 【用新角度阐述】，a well-travelled route【走过多次的路】对应选项中的places that may be familiar，human ability对应前一句的the role the human mind has 【人的意识起到的作用】，所以答案是B。
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