雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test2Passage1-Could urban engineers learn-段落信息配对题

雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test2Passage1-Could urban engineers learn-段落信息配对题

段落信息配对题

Questions 1-6

Reading Passage 1 has seven paragraphs, A-G,

Which paragraph-contains the following information?

Write the correct letter. A-G. in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

题目没有NB，所以段落最多只选一次。

1

 reference to an appealing way of using dance that the writer is not proposing

分析

题干可以划关键词的有appealing和not proposing。这句中的否定词在原文中一定要有对应的信息。

定位

B Dance might hold some of the answers- That is not to suggest everyone should dance their way to work, however healthy and happy it might make us, but rather that the techniques used by choreographers to experiment with and design movement in dance could provide engineers with tools to stimulate new ideas in city-making- Richard Sennett, an influential urbanist and sociologist who has transformed ideas about the way cities are made, argues that urban design has suffered from a separation between mind and body since the introduction of the architectural blueprint.

答案

上文第 一句出现了dance， 所以这个词相关的题目有两个。我们往后看会发现破折号后边出现了that is not to suggest【这并不是说】对应题干中的the writer is not proposing【作者不提倡的】，往后的everyone should dance their way to work【跳舞去上班】对应题干中的an appealing way of using dance，所以这道题选B。

2

an example of a contrast between past and present approaches to building

分析

题干可以划关键词的有past and present和building【建造】，这句中的past and present在原文中很有可能对应年份，时间段或一段时期等内容。

定位

C Whereas medieval builders improvised and adapted construction through their intimate knowledge of materials and personal experience of the conditions on site, building designs are now conceived and stored in media technologies that detach the designer from the physical and social realities they are creating. While the design practices created by these new technologies are essential for managing the technical complexity of the modern city, they have the draw back of simplifying reality in the process.

答案

上文开头出现了whereas【虽然】，说明出现了句内转折（也就是句子的前半句和后半句的内容之间的转折），所以这个转折很有可能对应两个东西之间的对比。这句中的关键词medieval【中世纪的】对应题干中的past, 后半句中的now对应题干中的present。前半句中的through their intimate knowledge of materials and personal experience和后半句中的in media technologies that detach the designer from the physical and social realities they are creating对应题干中approaches【方法】，所以这道题选C。

3

mention of an objective of both dance and engineering

分析

题干可以划关键词的有objective【目标】和engineering，这句既然把dance和engineering放一块儿说，那么两者一定要出现在同一个句子或并列的句子中。

定位

F If their designers had had the tools to think with their bodies - like dancers - and imagine how these barriers would feel；there might have been a better solution. In order to bring about fundamental changes to the ways we use our cities, engineering will need to develop a richer understanding of why people move in certain ways, and how this movement affects them- Choreography may not seem an obvious choice for tackling this problem- Yet it shares with engineering the aim of designing patterns of movement within limitations of space It is an art form developed almost entirely by trying out ideas with the body, and gaining instant feedback on how the results feel. Choreographers have deep understanding of the psychological, aesthetic, and physical implications of different ways of moving.

答案

上文第 一句出现了engineering和dancers，我们在这段中找出跟题干中的objective【目标】对应的信息即可。上文第三句中的the aim of designing patterns of movement within limitations of space对应题干中的an objective of。这句中的shares with对应题干中的both，所以这道题选F。

4

reference to an unforeseen problem arising from ignoring the climate

分析

题干可以划关键词的有unforeseen problems和climate, 这句中的problems是负面的，climate【气候】在原文中可能会对应下雨，下雪，严寒或炎热等内容。

定位

DTo illustrate, Sennett discusses the Peachtree Center in Atlanta, USA, a development typical of the modernist approach to urban planning prevalent in the 1970s.Peachtree created a grid of streets and. towers intended as a new pedestrian-friendly downtown for Atlanta. According to Sennett, this failed because its designers had invested too much faith in. computer-aided design to tell them how it would operate. They failed to take into account that purpose-built street cafes could not operate in the hot sun without the protective awnings common in older buildings, and would need energy-consuming air conditioning instead, or that its giant car park would feel so unwelcoming that it would put people off getting out of their cars. What seems entirely predictable and controllable on screen has unexpected results when translated into reality.

答案

上文 第 一句和最后一句都没有跟题干对应的信息。但最后一句中的what seems entirely predictable这句中的what肯定指代前一句中的一个现象，所以我们可以看一下前一句。看前一句会发现，这句中的hot sun可以对应题干中的climate，这句中的They failed to take into account【他们么你能考虑到】对应题干中的ignoring。最后一句中的unexpected result对应题干中的unforeseen problem，所以这道题答案是D。

5

why some measures intended to help people are being reversed

分析

这句可以划关键词的有measure，在原文中对应具体的方法，being reversed【反过来了】应该对应一个负面的内容，因为题干中的措施原本的意图的是帮助人们，但这个结果起到了反作用，所以结果是负面的。

定位

EThe same is true in transport engineering, which uses models to predict and shape the way people move through the city. Again, these models are necessary, but they are built on specific world views in which certain forms of efficiency and safety are considered and other experiences of the city ignored- Designs that seem logical in models appear counter-intuitive in the actual experience of their users. The guard rails that will be familiar to anyone who has attempted to cross a British road, for example, were an engineering solution to pedestrian safety based on models that prioritise the smooth flow of traffic. On wide major roads, they often guide pedestrians to specific crossing points and slow down their progress across the road by using staggered access points to divide the crossing into two - one for each carriageway- In doing so they make crossings feel longer, introducing psychological barriers greatly impacting those that are the least mobile, and encouraging others to make dangerous crossings to get around the guard rails：These barriers don’t just make it harder to cross the road: they divide communities and decrease opportunities for healthy transport：As a result, many are now being removed, causing disruption, cost, and waste.

答案

上文最后一句中的causing disruption, cost, and waste对应题干中的some measures…are being reversed, 因为这里导致的是负面的后果。要找intended to help的话应该往前找这个内容开始的地方，第三句中的were an engineering solution to pedestrian safety这个内容对应题干中的intended to help people，所以这道题选E。这道题需要一定的理解，有点难。

6

reference to how transport has an impact on human lives

分析

题干可以划关键词的有transport和human lives，这句中的impact【影响】在原文中对应具体的影响，比如让生活变得方便，容易之类的。

定位

A The way we travel around cities has a major impact on whether they are sustainable-Transportation is estimated to account for 30 % of energy consumption in most of the world’s most developed nations, so lowering the need for energy-using vehicles is essential for decreasing the environmental impact of mobility- But as more and more people move to cities, it is important to think about other kinds of sustainable travel too. The ways we travel affect our physical and mental health, our social lives, our access to work and culture, and the air we breathe. Engineers are tasked with changing, how we travel round cities through urban design, but the engineering industry still works on the assumptions that led to the creation of the energy-consuming transport systems we have now: the emphasis placed solely on efficiency, speed, and quantitative data. We need radical changes, to make it healthier, more enjoyable, and less environmentally damaging to travel around cities,

答案

上文第 一句出现了the way we travel对应题干中的transport，所以这段可能要对应这道题，这个时候我们往后读下去。上文第三句有出现了the way we travel，跟题干中的transport对应，所以重点读这句话。这句中的affect对应题干中的impact， 这句中的physical and mental health, our social lives, our access to work and culture, and the air we breathe 对应题干中的human lives，所以这道题选A。

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