雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test3Passage2-The Desolenator:producing clean-标题配对题

雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test3Passage2-The Desolenator:producing clean-标题配对题

标题配对题

Questions 14-20

Reading Passage 2 has seven sections, A-G.

Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number, i-x, in boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet.

分析

i   Getting the finance for production

分析：标题可以划关键词的有finance和production。这里的finance在原文中可能会对应具体的钱数和金钱符号。

ii   An unexpected benefit

分析：标题可以划关键词的有unexpected，在原文中可能会对应surprising, amazing, astonishing等同义替换词。标题中的benefit在原文中要对应具体的内容，也就是谁得到了什么样的好处，不能因为出现了一个benefit就选， 一定要有对应的内容。

iii  From initial inspiration to new product

分析：标题可以划关键词的有initial inspiration和new product。这里的initial【最初的】是跟时间相关的，所以在原文中可能会对应具体的年份或“多少年前”这种描述，而且很有可能出现地点，因为人们一般对第 一次发生的事印象会比较深刻，所以描述的时候会把比较准确的时间和地点都说出来。这里的new product在原文中要对应具体的产品，如果有new对应的形容词那更好。

iv  The range of potential customers for the device

分析：标题可以划关键词的有potential customers, 这个词在原文中可能会对应possible consumers/buyers/users等改写，这里的的device其实就是标题中的Desolenator,因为它是文章的主人公，所以没有提到具体名字的时候the device默认为文章的主人公。

v    What makes the device different from alternatives

分析：标题可以划关键词的有alternative【可供选择的物品】，标题中的抽象词是different from，这个词在原文中对应Desolenator和别的设备之间的比较，而且重点在突出Desolenator的独特性。

vi   Cleaning water from a range of sources

分析：标题可以划关键词的有water和a range of sources【一些列来源】。这里的a range of sources在原文中要对应具体的来源，如河流，湖泊，大海等。

vii   Overcoming production difficulties

分析：标题可以划关键词的有production difficulties，这里的重点是difficulties，在原文中要对应负面的描述，如人力，资金或物资的匮乏等。

viii  Profit not the primary goal

分析：标题可以划关键词的有profit和goal。这里的profit在原文中可能对应financial benefit等改写，而且要出现跟not 对应的否定。这里的goal在原文中可能会对应target, objective或to do等改写。

ix   A warm welcome for the device  

分析：标题可以划关键词的有a warm welcome，这个内容在原文中可能会对应popular等改写，如果没有具体的改写，那么找出正面的描述，尤其是很多人想用之类的描述也可以。

x   The number of people affected by water shortages

分析：标题可以划关键词的有number of people和water shortages。这里的number of people在原文中可能会对应具体的人数，也有可能对应百分比，如5% of world population。这里的water shortage可能会对应lack of rainfall或drought这种改写。

答案

A

 Travelling around Thailand in the 1990s，William Janssen was impressed with the basic rooftop solar heating systems that were on many homes, where energy from the sun was absorbed by a plate and then used to heat water for domestic use. Two decades later Janssen developed that basic idea he saw in Southeast Asia into a portable device that uses the power from the sun to purify water.

答案

上文第 一句出现了in the 1990s, 可以对应的标题有

iii  From initial inspiration to new product

上文第 一句中的in the 1990s和Thailand对应标题中的initial, 这句中的was impressed with the basic rooftop solar heating systems【深深被基础的屋顶太阳加热系统打动】对应标题中的inspiration【n. 启发】，上文第二句中的Janssen developed…into a portable device【Janssen把…研发成一个可移动的设备】对应标题中的new product，所以这段选标题iii。

B

 The Desolenator operates as a mobile desalination unit that can take water from different places, such as the sea, rivers, boreholes and rain, and purify it for human consumption. It is particularly valuable in regions where natural groundwater reserves have been polluted, or where seawater is the only water source available.

Janssen saw that there was a need for a sustainable way to clean water in both the developing and the developed countries when he moved to the United Arab Emirates and saw large-scale water processing. ‘I was confronted with the enormous carbon footprint that the Gulf nations have because of all of the desalination that they do,’he says. 

答案

上文第 一句出现了take water from different places, such as the sea, rivers, boreholes and rain对应的标题有

vi   Cleaning water from a range of sources

上文第 一句中的take water from different places, such as the sea, rivers, boreholes and rain对应标题中的a range of sources， 第 一句中的and purify【净化】it for human consumption【消费】对应标题中的cleaning water，所以这段选标题vi。

C

The Desolenator can produce 15 litres of drinking water per day, enough to sustain a family for cooking and drinking. Its main selling point is that unlike standard desalination techniques, it doesn’t require a generated power supply: just sunlight. It measures 120 cm by 90cm, and is easy to transport, thanks to its two wheels. Water enters through a pipe, and flows as a thin film between a sheet of double glazing and the surface of a solar panel, where it is heated by the sun. The warm water flows into a small boiler (heated by a solar-powered battery) where it is converted to steam. When the steam cools, it becomes distilled water. The device has a very simple filter to trap particles, and this can easily be shaken to remove them. There are two tubes for liquid coming out: one for the waste - salt from seawater, fluoride, etc. - and another for the distilled water. The performance of the unit is shown on an LCD screen and transmitted to the company which provides servicing when necessary.

答案

上文第二句出现了unlike standard desalination technique【跟标准的净化技术不同的是】，这个显然是一个比较，对应的标题有

v   What makes the device different from alternatives

上文第二句中的unlike standard desalination technique对应标题中的different from alternatives，上文第二句中的it doesn’t require a generated power supply: just sunlight【它不需要生产的能源，仅仅需要阳光】对应标题中的what，所以这段选标题v。

D

A recent analysis found that at least two-thirds of the world‘s population lives with severe water scarcity for at least a month every year. Janssen says that by 2030 half of the worlds population will be living with water stress - where the demand exceeds the supply over a certain period of time. ‘It is really important that a sustainable solution is brought to the market that is able to help these people,’he says. Many countries ‘don’t have the money for desalination plants, which are very expensive to build. They don’t have the money to operate them, they are very maintenance intensive, and they don’t have the money to buy the diesel to run the desalination plants, so it is a really bad situation.’

答案

上文第 一句出现了at least two-thirds of the world‘s population，对应的标题有

x  The number of people affected by water shortages

上文第 一句中的at least two-thirds of the world‘s population对应标题中的the number of people， 上文第 一句中的severe water scarcity【严重缺水】对应标题中的water shortages，上文第 一句中的lives with…at least a month every year对应标题中的affected by,所以这段选标题x。

E

The device is aimed at a wide variety of users - from homeowners in the developing world who do not have a constant supply of water to people living off the grid in rural parts of the US. The first commercial versions of the Desolenator are expected to be in operation in India early next year, after field tests are carried out. The market for the self-sufficient devices in developing countries is twofold - those who cannot afford the money for the device outright and pay through microfinance, and middle-income homes that can lease their own equipment. ‘People in India don’t pay for a fridge outright; they pay for it over six months. They would put the Desolenator on their roof and hook it up to their municipal supply and they would get very reliable drinking water on a daily basis,’Janssen says. In the developed world, it is aimed at niche markets where tap water is unavailable - for camping, on boats, or for the military, for instance.

答案

上文第 一句出现了a wide variety of users，对应的标题有

iv  The range of potential customers for the device

上文第 一句中的a wide variety of users对应标题中的customers， 上文第 一句中的- from homeowners in the developing world who do not have a constant supply of water to people living off the grid in rural parts of the US对应标题中range【范围】的具体内容，上文第  一句中的is aimed at【以…为（营销）对象】对应标题中的potential【潜在的】，所以这段选标题iv。

F

Prices will vary according to where it is bought. In the developing world, the price will depend on what deal aid organisations can negotiate. In developed countries, it is likely to come in at $1,000 (?685) a unit, said Janssen. 'We are a venture with a social mission. We are aware that the product we have envisioned is mainly finding application in the developing world and humanitarian sector and that this is the way we will proceed. We do realise, though, that to be a viable company there is a bottom line to keep in mind,’he says.

答案

上文第 一句出现了prices will vary，相关的标题有

i   Getting the finance for production

viii  Profit not the primary goal

虽然标题i中的finance跟钱相关，但跟标题中的prices没法对应；标题i中的getting finance是企业运营相关的钱，原文第 一句中的prices是产品的指标，所以两者不能对应，这个标题没法选。

上文第 一句中的price跟标题viii中的profit关系密切，但也不能直接对应，所以我们往后看。

引号里的We are a venture with a social mission【我们是有社会使命的风投】和最后一句中的We do realise, though, that to be a viable company there is a bottom line to keep in mind【我们也知道，为了保持运营，还是要有一个最 低限度的】这里说的意思是“我们做企业是为了社会的利益，但我们要有一定的收入以维持企业”，所以这个意思就对应标题中的profit not the primary goal，这段选标题viii。

这道题需要比较好的理解能力，或者留到最后通过排除法做。靠那种不会就蒙的武侠精神也不是不行，因为要蒙，除了这个你找不到更合适的选项。

G

The company itself is based at Imperial College London, although Janssen, its chief executive, still lives in the UAE. It has raised ?340,000 in funding so far. Within two years, he says, the company aims to be selling 1,000 units a month, mainly in the humanitarian field. They are expected to be sold in areas such as Australia, northern Chile, Peru, Texas and California. 

答案

上文第二句出现了raised ?340,000，对应的标题有

i   Getting the finance for production

上文第二句中的it has raised ?340,000 in funding对应标题中的getting the finance，这里虽然没有跟production直接对应的内容，下一句中有selling 1,000 units【出售1000个设备】对应产品，所以跟production相关，所以这段选标题i。

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