雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test3Passage3-Why fairy tales are really-句子配对题

雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test3Passage3-Why fairy tales are really-句子配对题

句子配对题

Questions 27-31

Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-F, below.

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

选项

A may be provided through methods used in biological research.   

分析：选项可以划关键词的有methods和biological research。

B are the reason for their survival.

分析：选项可以划关键词的有reasons和survival。

C show considerable global variation.

分析：选项可以划关键词的有global variation，这里的global在原文中可能会对应多个国家的名称。

D contain animals which transform to become humans.

分析：选项可以划关键词的有animals和humans。

E were originally spoken rather than written.

分析：选项可以划关键词的有spoken 和written。

F have been developed without factual basis.

分析：选项可以划关键词的有without factual basis。

Q27

In fairy tales, details of the plot

分析

题干可以划定位词的有plot，我们在原文中找出对应的句子，看前半句或后半句再找对应的选项即可。

定位

1 People of every culture tell each other fairy tales but the same story often takes a variety of forms in different parts of the world. In the story of Little Red Riding Hood that European children are familiar with, a young girl on the way to see her grandmother meets a wolf and tells him where she is going. The wolf runs on ahead and disposes of the grandmother, then gets into bed dressed in the grandmother’s clothes to wait for Little Red Riding Hood. You may think you know the story —but which version? In some versions，the wolf swallows up the grandmother, while in others it locks her in a cupboard. In some stories Red Riding Hood gets the better of the wolf on her own, while in others a hunter or a woodcutter hears her cries and comes to her rescue. 

答案

上文第 一句出现了fairy tales， 这句中的same story可以对应题干中的plot, 所以这句的后半句可以找跟选项对应的信息。满足要求的选项有C show considerable global variation。

上文第 一句中的takes a variety of forms【存在多种形式】对应选项C中的show considerable variation，上文第 一句中的in different parts of the world对应选项中的global variation,题干的主语是details of the plot是复数名词，选项C中用的是show (动词原形),满足要求，所以这道题答案是C。

Q28

Tehrani rejects the idea that the useful lessons for life in fairy tales

分析

题干可以划定位词的有Tehrani, useful lessons for life。

定位

2 The universal appeal of these tales is frequently attributed to the idea that they contain cautionary messages: in the case of Little Red Riding Hood, to listen to your mother, and avoid talking to strangers.  ‘It might be what we find interesting about this story is that it’s got this survival relevant information in it，’says anthropologist Jamie Tehrani at Durham University in the UK. But his research suggests otherwise. ‘We have this huge gap in our knowledge about the history and prehistory of storytelling, despite the fact that we know this genre is an incredibly ancient one，’he says. That hasn’t stopped anthropologists, folklorists※ and other academics devising theories to explain the importance of fairy tales in human society. Now Tehrani has found a way to test these ideas, borrowing a technique from evolutionary biologists.

答案

上文第二句出现了定位词Jamie Tehrani，上文第三句出现的But his research suggests otherwise【但他的研究表明相反的结果】，对应题干中的rejects the idea，既然这句出现转折，那么被否定的说法应该去前面的句子找。上文第 一句出现了这个观点的具体内容--idea that they contain cautionary messages【它们包含告诫性信息】，对应题干中的useful lessons for life，所以这句的前半句universal appeal【普遍的吸引力】可以在选项中找对应的信息，但没有对应的选项。我们接着看下一句。下一句中的it’s got this survival relevant information in it在重复第 一句的内容，所以可以认为第 一句和第二句的内容相近，Tehrani否定的内容是第 一句和第二句。第二句中的it’s got this survival relevant information in it相关的选项有B are the reason for their survival。

至少你是这么做的，而且选对了。

但真正的对应关系还是在第 一句，universal appeal【普遍的吸引力】才是B选项中的对应关系。因为这些fairy tales包含跟生活技能相关的信息，所以世界各地能够吸引人，得以延续，流传。

第二句中的this survival relevant information其实是第 一句中的useful lessons for life的重复，因为第二句中的survival relevant information的意思是“跟生存相关的信息”，这个显然是跟人的生存相关的，而不是B选项的their survival，因为B选项指的是fairy tales的survival。

这道题的解析我本可以糊弄过去，但良心不允许，希望各位读者再不服气也能认真思考一下，至于同不同意，那不重要，重要的是每一次思考过程中你的解题思路都在提升。

Q29

Various theories about the social significance of fairy tales

分析

题干可以划定位词的有various theories和social significance。

定位

2 The universal appeal of these tales is frequently attributed to the idea that they contain cautionary messages: in the case of Little Red Riding Hood, to listen to your mother, and avoid talking to strangers.  ‘It might be what we find interesting about this story is that it’s got this survival relevant information in it，’says anthropologist Jamie Tehrani at Durham University in the UK. But his research suggests otherwise. ‘We have this huge gap in our knowledge about the history and prehistory of storytelling, despite the fact that we know this genre is an incredibly ancient one，’he says. That hasn’t stopped anthropologists, folklorists※ and other academics devising theories to explain the importance of fairy tales in human society. Now Tehrani has found a way to test these ideas, borrowing a technique from evolutionary biologists.

答案

上文倒数第二句出现的theories对应题干的various theories，这句中的importance of fairy tales in human society对应题干中的the social significance of fairy tales,所以这句的前半句找跟选项的对应关系。但这句的主语that指代前一句，所以我们看前一句找答案。前一句中的We have this huge gap in our knowledge【我们关于…的知识有巨大的坑（缺陷）】,对应的选项有F have been developed without factual basis。这句中的huge gap对选项F中的without factual basis，原文倒数第二句中的That hasn’t stopped…devising【没能阻止…发明】对应选项F中的have been developed，所以这道题选F。

Q30

Insights into the development of fairy tales

分析

题干可以划定位词的有insights和development。

定位

3 To work out the evolutionary history, development and relationships among groups of organisms，biologists compare the characteristics of living species in a process called ‘phylogenetic analysis’. Tehrani has used the same approach to compare related versions of fairy tales to discover how they have evolved and which elements have survived longest.

答案

这道题很难定位，你可以通过上一道题和下一道题的位置关系确定，这道题只能出现在第3段（我们之前说过，句子配对题一般情况下是顺序出题的）。上文最后一句中的to discover how【为了发现…是怎样…的】对应题干中的insights【洞察力】，如果不认识，那么看这句中的have evolved【进化了】与题干中的development of【…的发展】找对应也可以，所以我们应该看前半句找答案。前半句有Tehrani has used the same approach，所以我们应该看前一句找same approach对应的具体内容。前一句中的process【流程】对应这里的approach， 所以我们的答案应该是‘phylogenetic analysis’对应的选项。满足要求的选项是A may be provided through methods used in biological research。前一句中的biologists compare…对应选项A中的in biological research，前一句中的‘phylogenetic analysis’对应选项A中的methods，所以这道题选A。

Q31

All the fairy tales analysed by Tehrani

分析

题干可以划定位词的有all the fairy tales。这道题的all the fairy tales对应摘要选择题中的58stories，所以你做题的时候应该是从这道题开始定位，从这道题对应的位置往前找别的题目的定位。

定位

4 Tehrani’s analysis focused on Little Red Riding Hood in its many forms, which include another Western fairy tale known as The Wolf and the Kids. Checking for variants of these two tales and similar stories from Africa, East Asia and other regions, he ended up with 58 stories recorded from oral traditions. Once his phylogenetic analysis had established that they were indeed related, he used the same methods to explore how they have developed and altered over time.

答案

上文第二句出现了58 stories对应题干中的All the fairy tales，这句中的he对应题干中的Tehrani，所以这句中的recorded from oral traditions在选项找对应内容即可。注意，我们不能看前半句，因为前半句有these two tales，跟题干中的all the fairy tales是矛盾的，因为这里的these two代指前面的内容，而不是这里的58stories。满足要求的选项有E were originally spoken rather than written。这句中的oral traditions【口头传统】对应选项中的originally spoken【原先是口头的】对应，原文没有否定，所以没有跟rather than written对应的信息，因为有对应的信息，别的选项么有跟originally spoken相关的内容，所以这道题选E。

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