雅思阅读真题解析-剑14Test1Passage1-The importance of children's-摘要填空题

雅思阅读真题解析-剑14Test1Passage1-The importance of children's-摘要填空题

整体分析

文章有摘要填空题和判断题，我们先做摘要填空题，再做判断题。

摘要填空题

Questions 1-8 Complete the notes below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.

Children’s play

Q1-2

Uses of children’s play

?   building a ‘magical kingdom’may help develop 1...................

?   board games involve 2...................and turn-taking

分析

题干可以划定位词的有‘magical kingdom’， board games和turn-taking。第1题空格前面是may help develop，所以空格应该写名词。虽然develop这个词比较常见，但同学们可能不太知道它的几种用法：

1.     发展：后边加宏观的概念，如 develop the economy【发展经济】

2.    养成：后边加个人习惯，如develop a habit【养成一个习惯】

3.    研发：后边加产品，如develop a product【研发产品】或develop a theory【推出一个理论】

4.    冲洗：后边加交卷，如develop a film 【冲洗交卷】

回到第1题的空格，空格相关的是children，所以空格应该写一种习惯或个人能力相关的名词。

第2题空格前面是board games involve，后边是and turn-taking，所以空格应该是turn-taking并列的名词，既然turn-taking【轮流制】，那么第2题空格应该也是一种规则相关的名词，形式可能跟turn-taking比较像。

定位

1 Brick by brick, six-year-old Alice is building a magical kingdom. Imagining fairy-tale turrets and fire-breathing dragons, wicked witches and gallant heroes, she’s creating an enchanting world. Although she isn’t aware of it，this fantasy is helping her take her first steps towards her capacity for creativity and so it will have important repercussions in her adult life.

2 Minutes later, Alice has abandoned the kingdom in favour of playing schools with her younger brother. When she bosses him around as his teacher’，she’s practising how to regulate her emotions through pretence.  Later on, when they tire of this and settle down with a board game, she’s learning about the need to follow rules and take turns with a partner.

答案

上文第1段出现了定位词magical kingdom，上文第1段第二句中的helping her对应题干中的may help develop，所以答案是紧跟其后的capacity【能力】或creativity【创造力】。空格需要的是一种具体的习惯或能力，而不是“能力”这个词本身，所以答案是creativity。

上文第2段最后一句出现了定位词board game和take turns。所以第2题答案是跟take turns并列的follow rules。但这里的follow是动词，不符合空格的要求，所以我们的答案可以是rule-following或者是rules。我个人倾向于rule-follwing，因为它在形式上跟turn-taking一样，都是有动宾结构变来的名词，而且没有删掉follw这个有效信息，rule-following是合成词，算一个单词，所以满足要求。当然，如果按照“答案写原词”的思路，那么这道题就直接写rules。

Q3-6

Recent changes affecting children’s play

?   populations of 3...................have grown

?   opportunities for free play are limited due to

一fear of 4...................

-fear of 5...................

一increased 6...................in schools

分析

题干可以划定位词的有populations，opportunities, free play, fear和schools。第3题空格前面是populations，所以空格应该加表示一个地区的名词。第4题与第5题的形式一样，所以在原文中对应并列关系，因为这两道题处在两行，所以在原文中可能对应句子（处于同一行的一般对应并列的短语）。第4题与第5题空格前面都是fear of，所以空格应该写具有风险或有破坏力的名词。第6题空格前面是increased，后边是in schools，所以空格应该写学校所特有的名词。

定位

5 But we live in changing times, and Whitebread is mindful of a worldwide decline in play, pointing out that over half the people in the world now live in cities. ‘The opportunities for free play, which I experienced almost every day of my childhood, are becoming increasingly scarce,’he says. Outdoor play is curtailed by perceptions of risk to do with traffic, as well as parents’increased wish to protect their children from being the victims of crime, and by the emphasis on ‘earlier is better’which is leading to greater competition in academic learning and schools. 

答案

上文第 一句中的changing times对应题目小标题中的recent changes,第 一句中的over half the people对应题干中的populations of，这句中表示一个地区的名词只有cities，所以答案是cities。

上文第三句中的risk对应题干中的fear，这句中具有风险的词是traffic【交通】，所以第4题答案是traffic。第三句中的as well as对应题干中的第4、5题相似的结构（表示并列），所以as well as 往后找一个具有风险的词即可。满足要求的词是crime【犯罪】，所以第5题答案是crime。

上文第三句后半句中出现了第6题的定位词schools，这句中的greater【更大的】对应题干中的increased【增加的】，所以第6题的答案是紧跟其后的competition【竞争】。

Q7-8

International policies on children’s play

it is difficult to find 7 ....................... to support new policies

research needs to study the impact of play on the rest of the child’s 8 ............................

分析

题干可以划定位词的有new policies，research和impact。第7题空格前面是find，后边是support new policies，所以空格应该是证据一类的。第8题空格前面是rest of the child’s【孩子在接下来的…中】,所以空格应该是表示时间段的名词。

定位

6 International bodies like the United Nations and the European Union have begun to develop policies concerned with children’s right to play, and to consider implications for leisure facilities and educational programmes. But what they often lack is the evidence to base policies on. 

8 Dr Jenny Gibson agrees, pointing out that although some of the steps in the puzzle of how and why play is important have been looked at, there is very little data on the impact it has on the child’s later life.

答案

上文第6段第 一句中出现了定位词policies，上文第6段第二句中出现的lack对应第7题题干中的difficult to find，所以答案是紧跟其后的evidence【证据】。

上文第8段中出现了定位词impact， 这句中表示时间的词是later life【之后的人生】，这里的later对应题干中的rest of，所以第8题答案是life。

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