雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test4Passage3-Environmental practices of big-摘要选择题

　　雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test4Passage3-Environmental practices of big-摘要选择题

　　摘要选择题

　　Questions 27-31

　　Complete the summary using the list of words, A-J, below.

　　Write the correct letter, A-J, in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.

　　Q27-31

　　Big businesses

　　Many big businesses today are prepared to harm people and the environment in

　　order to make money, and they appear to have no 27...................... Lack of 28 ......................  by governments and lack of public 29 ...................... can lead to environmental problems such as 30 ...................... or the destruction of 31 ......................

　　分析

　　题干可以划定位词的有today, money和governments。

　　第27题空格前面是have no，所以空格写名词。题干中说的是businesses污染环境，他们看似没有…，所以空格应该是一种标准，如原则，良知等。

　　第28题空格前面是lack of，所以空格写名词，空格后边是governments，所以空格写的词应该是法律，规定或政策相关的词。

　　第29题与28题并列，空格前面是lack of public，所以空格写名词，跟public相关，所以空格写的词应该是大众的关心，监督等词。

　　第30题前面是environmental problems such as,所以空格应该写具体的环境问题，负面的词。

　　第31题前面是destruction of,所以空格应该写名词，是被破坏的东西，可能是森林，栖息地或比较大的如生态系统等。

　　定位

　　1 The environmental practices of big businesses are shaped by a fundamental fact that for many of us offends our sense of justice. Depending on the circumstances, a business may maximize the amount of money it makes, at least in the short term, by damaging the environment and hurting people. That is still the case today for fishermen in an unmanaged fishery without quotas, and for international logging companies with short-term leases on tropical rainforest land in places with corrupt officials and unsophisticated landowners. When government regulation is effective, and when the public is environmentally aware, environmentally clean big businesses may out-compete dirty ones, but the reverse is likely to be true if government regulation is ineffective and if the public doesn’t care.

　　答案

　　上文第 一句出现了定位词big businesses, 第二句出现了定位词today, business, money和people，所以答案可以在这两句中找。我们分析的时候确定过答案是跟原则相关的名词。第 一句中出现的sense of justice是跟原则相关的名词，我们在选项中找相关的改写即可。满足要求的答案是D moral standards【道德标准】。加上答案以后题干的lack of moral justice【缺乏道德标准】对应原文中的offends our sense of justice【冒犯我们的正义感】对应。所以摘要选择题改写会比较晦涩难懂，通过筛选单词直接找答案效果比较好。

　　上文最后一句出现的ineffective和这句中的doesn’t 对应28，29题中的lack of，所以这两道题的答案分别是regulation【管理】和care【关心】的改写。满足要求的答案分别是E control【控制】和F involvement【参与】。

　　上文倒数第二句出现的tropical rainforest可以看出这句与第30，31题中的environmental problems相关（这里出现了局部乱序）。这句中跟环境相关的内容分别是unmanaged fishery【不受控制的渔场】和logging companies with short-term leases on tropical rainforest【短期租赁热带雨林的伐木公司】，与它们相关的答案分别是H overfishing和B trees。

　　做完这几道题应该会有一些体会：摘要选择题的改写会比较难，它可能是从文章整体内容进行改写或换个角度描述问题，通过彻底理解后做题难度非常大，所以我们应该确定出题句，筛选出跟空格相关的内容再找对应的答案，摘要选择题大多时候没有完美的答案，只有相关，接近的答案。

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