雅思阅读真题解析-剑15Test4Passage2-Silbo Gomero-摘要填空题
整体分析
文章有判断题和摘要填空题,我们先做摘要填空题,再做判断题。
摘要填空题
Questions 20-26
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 20—26 on your answer sheet
Q20-23
Silbo Gomero
How Silbo is produced
? high- and low-frequency tones represent different sounds in Spanish 20........................
? pitch of whistle is controlled using silbador’s 21........................
? 22........................is changed with a cupped hand
分析
题干可以划定位词的有high- and low-frequency tones,Spanish,pitch, silbador和cupped hand。
第20题空格前面是different sounds in Spanish,所以空格很有可能是跟西班牙语相关的名词。
第21题空格前面是using silbador’s,这里的silbador是一个人,所以空格应该是跟人的行为或特点相关的名词,在原文中跟这个人离得比较近。
第22题空格后边是is changed with a cupped hand,所以空格是受到手影响的单数名词。
定位
4 Silbo is a substitute for Spanish, with individual words recoded into whistles which have high-and low-frequency tones. A whistler - or silbador - puts a finger in his or her mouth to increase the whistle’s pitch, while the other hand can be cupped to adjust the direction of the sound. ‘There is much more ambiguity in the whistled signal than in the spoken signal,’explains lead researcher Manuel Carreiras, psychology professor at the University of La Laguna on the Canary island of Tenerife. Because whistled ‘words’can be hard to distinguish, silbadores rely on repetition, as well as awareness of context, to make themselves understood.
答案
上文第 一句出现了定位词Spanish和high-and low-frequency tones,所以第20题答案在这句里找。这句中跟西班牙语相关的名词有words,所以答案是words。
注意,这里的substitute 【替代品】不能写答案,就算你不认识这个词,也可以通过分析句子结构排除这个答案。Silbo is a substitute for Spanish这句中substitute与Spanish之间是for【对…/为…】的关系,所以两个是独立的个体。但题干中说的是in Spanish【西班牙语里的…】,意味着空格答案是Spanish的附属品,这样可以排除substitute。
注意,这里的whistles不能是答案。首先它在题干中出现过,题干中出现的词一般极少情况下才有可能写成答案。其次,whistles【口哨】在题干中对应sounds,所以排除whistles。
上文第二句出现了定位词silbador和whistle’s pitch,所以第21题答案在这句里找。这句中的主干成分是silbador puts a finger (主谓宾结构),往后加的to increase 是目的。所以他是通过finer达到increase the whistle’s pitch这个目的的,这句中跟silbador相关的名词只有finger,所以答案是finger。
注意,答案不能是mouth。虽然这个也是属于silbador的一个部分,但我们上方已经说了silbador的行为是puts a finger,是这个行为带来的increase the whistles’s pitch,而不是mouth这个名词带来的改变,mouth不能答案,所以句子中有两个词满足要求的时候我们需要通过逻辑进一步筛选。
上文第二句后半部分出现了定位词hand can be cupped,所以第22题的答案在这句里找。这句中的adjust【调整】对应题干中的is changed,所以答案是紧跟其后的direction。
Q23-24
How Silbo is used
? has long been used by shepherds and people living in secluded locations
? in everyday use for the transmission of brief 23 ........................
? can relay essential information quickly, e.g. to inform people about 24 ........................
分析
题干可以划定位词的有shepherds and people, everyday和information。
第23题空格前面是transmission of brief,所以空格是被传输的内容,可能是信号,信息之类的。
第24题空格前面是inform people about,所以空格是一种事件,可能是好的也有可能是不好的。
定位
5 The silbadores of Gomera are traditionally shepherds and other isolated mountain folk, and their novel means of staying in touch allows them to communicate over distances of up to 10 kilometres. Carreiras explains that silbadores are able to pass a surprising amount of information via their whistles. ‘In daily life they use whistles to communicate short commands, but any Spanish sentence could be whistled.’Silbo has proved particularly useful when fires have occurred on the island and rapid communication across large areas has been vital.
答案
上文第 一句出现了定位词shepherds and other isolated mountain folk。上文第三句中出现了定位词daily life,所以第23题的答案在这句里找。这句中的short对应题干中的brief【简短】,所以答案是紧跟其后的commands。
上文最后一句中出现的communication【交流】对应题干中的relay…information【传递…的信息】, 上文最后一句中的vital【至关重要的】对应题干中的essential【必要的】,所以答案在这句里找。这句中表示事件的词只有fires,所以答案是fires。
Q25-26
The future of Silbo
? future under threat because of new 25 ........................
? Canaries’authorities hoping to receive a UNESCO 26 ........................ to help preserve it
分析
题干可以划定位词的有future, Canaries’authorities和UNESCO。
第25题空格前面是under threat because of new,所以空格是给这个Silbo带来威胁的一种新力量,一种新的力量很有可能是一种发展引起的。
第26题空格前面是hoping to receive a UNESCO,所以空格是一种帮助,看样子不太会是精神上的支持,所以很有可能指物力财力上的支持。
定位
9 But with modern communication technology now widely available, researchers say whistled languages like Silbo are threatened with extinction. With dwindling numbers of Gomera islanders still fluent in the language. Canaries authorities are taking steps to try to ensure its survival. Since 1999, Silbo Gomero has been taught in all of the island’s elementary schools. In addition, locals are seeking assistance from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). 'The local authorities are trying to get an award from the organisation to declare [Silbo Gomero] as something that should be preserved for humanity,’Carreiras adds.
答案
上文第 一句出现的are threatened对应题干中的under threat,这句中的modern对应题干中的new,所以第25题答案是紧跟其后的communication technology,因为答案只能写一个单词,communication在这儿是修饰technology,作用很像一个形容词(本身是名词),所以答案是technology。
上文第三句出现了定位词Canaries authorities,上文第五句出现了定位词(UNESCO), 上文第六句出现了定位词local authorities,这句中的are trying to get对应题干中的hoping to receive,所以第26题答案是紧跟其后的award【奖励】。
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