雅思阅读真题解析-剑16Test2Passage3-How to make wise decisions-摘要选择题
雅思阅读真题解析-剑16Test2Passage3-How to make wise decisions-摘要选择题?
摘要选择题
Q31-32
The characteristics of wise reasoning
Igor Grossmann and colleagues have established four characteristics which enable us to make wise decisions. It is important to have a certain degree of 31...............regarding the extent of our knowledge, and to take into account 32 ............... which may not be the same as our own.
分析
题干中可以划定位词的有Igor Grossmann and colleagues和our knowledge。
31题空格前面是of, 空格加名词，空格后边是regarding the extent of our knowledge，这个短语是修饰空格的后置定语，所以对我们掌握的知识的...，显然是对自己的能力心理要有‘个13数的’意思（显然这个是对我们所有人的很好的建议）。所以空格应该填写跟了解，认知，评价之类的词。
32题空格前面是take into account【考虑到...】，所以空格填写名词，空格后边是空格的定语从句，定语从句中说‘跟我们自己不同的’，所以空格可能是观点，立场或经历相关的词。
注意，31题和32题是并列的两句话，所以原文中也要出现并列。
定位
4 Coming up with a definition of wisdom is challenging, but Grossmann and his colleagues have identified four key characteristics as part of a framework of wise reasoning. One is intellectual humility or recognition of the limits of our own knowledge, and another is appreciation of perspectives wider than the issue at hand. Sensitivity to the possibility of change in social relations is also key, along with compromise or integration of different attitudes and beliefs.
答案
上文第 一句出现了定位词Grossmann and his colleagues，我们先找两个并列的句子，然后再找具体的答案。上文第二句出现了one is...,那么我们往后找another is。这句话的后半句出现了该结构，所以这就是并列出现的句子。and往前找31题，往后找32题的答案。前半句中的the limits of our own knowledge对应题干中的recognition of the limits of our own knowledge，所以这句话剩下的短语intellectual humility【理智的谦逊】是答案，在选项中找出对应的词即可，满足要求的答案是D modesty【谦逊】。
按理说后半句找32题的答案，但是后半句没有跟题干中的which may not be the same as our own对应的比较内容。下一句的后半句有different attitudes and beliefs，既然different跟which may not be the same as our own对应，所以attitudes and beliefs是答案，我们在选项中找出对应的词即可。满足要求的答案是A opinions, 因为attitudes and beliefs是复数，所以答案选A而不是C view ,因为C是单数。
Q33
We should also be able to take a broad 33............... of any situation. Another key characteristic is being aware of the likelihood of alterations in the way that people relate to each other.
分析
题干中可以划定位词的有likelihood of alterations和people，这两个词都有可能被替换掉，所以读的时候要稍微慢一些，这句话开头说了also，所以在原文中要找出对应的并列。空格前面是a broad，后边是of，所以空格填写名词，而且答案在原文中跟any situation和broad要挨着。
定位
4 Coming up with a definition of wisdom is challenging, but Grossmann and his colleagues have identified four key characteristics as part of a framework of wise reasoning. One is intellectual humility or recognition of the limits of our own knowledge, and another is appreciation of perspectives wider than the issue at hand. Sensitivity to the possibility of change in social relations is also key, along with compromise or integration of different attitudes and beliefs.
答案
这里的32题和33题出现了局部乱序。
上文第二句后半句中的wider than对应题干中的 a broad， 第二句中的issues at hand 【手头上的事】对应题干中的any situation【任何情况】。（扛精附体的同学有意见了：手头上的事怎么能对应任何情况呢？因为加上前面的wider than...issues at hand【要...比手头上的事更广的...】）所以答案是被wider than the issue at hand所修饰的名词perspectives【看法】，在选项中找出满足要求的词即可。满足要求的答案是C view【看法】（这是我们作文常见的from my point of view的那个view）
Q34
Grossmann also believes that it is better to regard scenarios with 34 ...............
分析
这句话没有好用的定位词，我们只能靠Grossman，also, better等词，找题干对应的句子。
定位
5 Grossmann and his colleagues have also found that one of the most reliable ways to support wisdom in our own day-to-day decisions is to look at scenarios from a third-party perspective, as though giving advice to a friend. Research suggests that when adopting a first-person viewpoint we focus on ‘the focal features of the environment’and when we adopt a third-person, ‘observer’viewpoint we reason more broadly and focus more on interpersonal and moral ideals such as justice and impartiality. Looking at problems from this more expansive viewpoint appears to foster cognitive processes related to wise decisions.
答案
上文第 一句中的look at scenarios from对应题干中的regard scenarios with，所以答案应该是a third-party perspective，但选项中找不出对应的信息，那我们看前半句找答案，one of the most reliable ways【最可靠的方式之一】在选项中找对应的词。要求满足的答案是F objectivity【客观】跟这这个短语中的reliable相关。这道题很纠结，很牵强，但除了这句的对应没有别的内容了，往前是上一道题，往后是下一道题的对应内容，所以只能在这句话找答案了。
Q35
By avoiding the first-person perspective, we focus more on 35 ............... and on other moral ideals, which in turn leads to wiser decision-making.
分析
题干中可以划定位词的有the first-person perspective， 空格前面是focus more on，所以空格填写名词，而且这个名词跟moral ideals并列的名词。因为and 后边是other moral ideals【别的道德理想】是一个概括的说法，所以空格应该写一个具体的内容。
定位
5 Grossmann and his colleagues have also found that one of the most reliable ways to support wisdom in our own day-to-day decisions is to look at scenarios from a third-party perspective, as though giving advice to a friend. Research suggests that when adopting a first-person viewpoint we focus on ‘the focal features of the environment’and when we adopt a third-person, ‘observer’viewpoint we reason more broadly and focus more on interpersonal and moral ideals such as justice and impartiality. Looking at problems from this more expansive viewpoint appears to foster cognitive processes related to wise decisions.
答案
上文第二句后半句中的focus more on对应题干中的原词，刚我们分析过空格需要写一个跟other moral ideals并列的具体的内容，所以原文中的such as 后边的justice and impartiality【公正和不偏不倚】就是答案。选项中满足要求的选项是G fairness。注意F objectivity【客观性】与公正有区别不要混淆。
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