支招托福作文 | 学术讨论范文（10）

　　支招托福作文 | 学术讨论范文（10）。今天，新航道南京托福培训机构小编分享托福考试真题范文。每一篇范文都经由新航道专业托福写作团队反复校对，还有详细的范文批注、撰写思路解析和好词好句整理，考托人们快快学起来吧!

　　完整版范文内容来啦

　　Question

　　Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.

　　In your response, you should do the following.

　　- Express and support your opinion.

　　- Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.

　　An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

　　Doctor Achebe

　　As countries work to reduce emissions and protect the environment, many governments are encouraging the adoption of electric vehicles through new policies. This week we will discuss ideas for policies that could promote electric vehicle usage. In your post, I would like you to address this question: What policies should the government implement to promote electric vehicles for environmental protection?

　　Claire

　　More charging stations are key to getting people to buy electric cars. It’s frustrating when you can’t charge your car. The government should offer big tax credits to businesses to build charging stations. If charging spots are everywhere, range anxiety will go away, and electric car sales will take off. We need that to help the Earth.

　　Paul

　　The government needs to create entire highways just for electric cars. These special roads could have charging stations along the way, so range anxiety disappears. Exclusive electric highways would show electric cars are the transportation of the future. We’d see tons more Teslas on the road, helping clear the air.

　　范文正文

　　In my view, governments should pursuetrade-in policies to promote the use of electric vehicles to protect the environment. The reason is that although electric cars are typically more expensive, a trade-in policy can effectively encourage people to choose them, thereby advancing environmental goals.【表语从句+让步状语从句+分词短语】For example, due to the higher costs of battery technology and drive systems, the initial purchase price of electric cars is generally greater than that of comparable gasoline vehicles. This high upfront cost may deter some buyers, particularly those with limited budgets, from opting for electric vehicles over traditional fuel ones. However, if governments introduce trade-in programs and offer subsidies for purchasing electric automobiles,【条件状语从句】potential consumers are more likely to replace their old gasoline vehicles with electric ones. By scrapping their old, gas-powered cars and purchasing new, battery-powered ones, car owners can receive a government grant of up to $4,500, depending on vehicle types and emission standards.【介词短语+分词短语】This incentive should help offset the initial price difference. Undoubtedly, the old-car-replacement incentive program can boost electric car sales in a short period and accelerate the phase-out of outdated, high-polluting models, which in turn can significantly improve air quality with a noticeable reduction in PM2.5 and other pollutants.【非限制性定语从句】In conclusion, governments should implement trade-in incentives to further the adoption of electric vehicles.

　　写作思路和特色

　　这道题是2024年5月15日托福学术讨论写作真题。同样，这一周笔者将为同学们展示另一篇在托福考场上反复出现的学术讨论写作题目。这道开放式题目还曾出现在2023年12月20日的托福考试中。题目中，教授提问：政府应该实施哪些政策来促进电动汽车的使用以保护环境?Claire认为应该增加充电站数量，并为建设充电站的企业提供大额税收抵免(tax credits);Paul则认为应该修建电动汽车专用高速公路，并沿途设置充电站以消除续航焦虑(range anxiety)。

　　这篇文章采用了“个人观点+因果论证+举例论证+总结”的写作结构，主张政府应推行以旧换新的政策以促进电动汽车的使用，从而保护环境。文章首先指出，尽管电动汽车通常更昂贵，但以旧换策能有效地激励人们选择电动汽车，进而实现环保目标。接着，文章进行细节化的拓展：由于电池技术和驱动系统的高成本，电动汽车的初始购买价格通常高于同类汽油车。这种高昂的前期成本可能会让一些预算有限的消费者选择传统燃油车。然后，文章话锋一转并继续解释说，如果政府能够引入以旧换新计划，并为购买电动汽车提供补贴，消费者更可能会购买电动汽车。通过报废旧的汽油车并购买新的电动汽车，车主可以根据车辆类型和排放标准获得高达4500美元的政府津贴。这种激励措施应能帮助抵消初始价格差异。随后，文章进一步论证道，以旧换新激励计划无疑能在短时间内促进电动汽车销量的增长，并加速淘汰污染较高的老旧车型，从而改善空气质量，减少PM2.5等污染物。最后，文章得出结论，重申政府应该实施以旧换新的激励措施来进一步推动电动汽车的普及。

　　整篇文章采用了清晰、简洁的语言风格，逻辑严谨，论证有力。一方面，通过具体的例子和数据支持论点，使论证更具说服力。另一方面，文章结构清晰，从观点的提出、原因的分析，到细节内容的论证，层层递进，条理分明。

　　用词用语整理

　　【表语从句+让步状语从句+分词短语】

　　“The reason is that although electric cars are typically more expensive, a trade-in policy can effectively encourage people to choose them, thereby advancing environmental goals.” 该复合句中的表语从句提供了核心论述，让步状语从句强调了政策的有效性，分词短语进一步展示了预期成果。句式嵌套和短语结构共同表达了文章论点及其背后的理由和结果。

　　【介词短语+分词短语】

　　“By scrapping their old, gas-powered cars and purchasing new, battery-powered ones, car owners can receive a government grant of up to $4,500, depending on vehicle types and emission standards.” 这句话在文章中具体说明了以旧换策的具体操作方式及其带来的经济激励。其中，介词短语和分词短语均起到了补充说明的作用，通过列举补贴金额和条件既使政策细节更加充分和具体，又使例证更加清晰且有说服力。

　　【非限制性定语从句】

　　“Undoubtedly, the old-car-replacement incentive program can boost electric car sales in a short period and accelerate the phase-out of outdated, high-polluting models, which in turn can significantly improve air quality with a noticeable reduction in PM2.5 and other pollutants.” 非限制性定语从句补充并扩展了前文论述的内容，不但总结了以旧换策的积极影响，而且回应了文章论点强调的环境效益。

　　pursue(执行，实施)：在文章中与policies搭配，表示政府积极推进、执行或致力于以旧换策的过程或行为。

　　例句：The government decided to pursue policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions and promoting renewable energy sources.政府决定实施旨在减少碳排放和推动可再生能源的政策。

　　trade-in(以旧换新)：通常用来指将旧物品(比如电子产品、文章中的汽车等)作为部分支付来购买新物品的交易方式。在这种交易中，旧物品的价值被折抵到新物品的价格中。当然，trade in还可以是一个动词短语，指进行这种交易的行为。

　　例句：When you buy a new phone, you can trade in your old phone to get a discount on the new one.当你购买新手机时，可以把旧手机作为折抵来获得新手机的折扣。

　　upfront cost(前期费用)：指在投资一个项目或购买商品时需要支付的初期费用，不包括后续可能发生的费用。在文章中作为initial purchase price的同义替换，用于强调电动汽车初始购买价格较高这一关键障碍，从而为后续论述政府补贴政策如何缓解这一问题、促进电动汽车普及提供了背景和论据。

　　例句：The upfront cost of installing solar panels can be high, but it often results in long-term savings on energy bills.安装太阳能电池板的前期费用可能很高，但通常会导致长期节省能源账单费用。

　　deter...from...(制止)：指阻止或使人打消念头，通常与from连用，表示阻止某人做某事。在文章中用来描述高昂的电动汽车初始成本如何阻止消费者选择电动汽车，为后续提出以旧换策作为解决方案奠定基础。

　　例句：The high cost of living in the city can deter people from moving there.高昂的生活成本可能会阻止人们搬到那里去。

　　scrapping(报废，废弃)：通常用来指不再使用某物并将其处理掉。在文章中用于描述车主报废旧汽油车以换取政府补贴，从而推动电动汽车的更新换代和环境改善。

　　例句：The company decided to start scrapping old machinery to make space for new equipment.公司决定开始报废旧的机械设备，为新设备腾出空间。

　　grant(补助金，津贴)：指由政府、机构或个人提供的资金或资助，用于特定的项目或目的。在文章中作为subsidies的同义替换，用于具体描述政府为鼓励车主购买电动汽车而提供的资金支持。

　　例句：The university received a grant from the government to fund its new research project.这所大学从政府那里获得了一笔资助，用于资助其新研究项目。

　　incentive(激励，刺激)：指激励、奖励或诱因，可以指代任何形式的激励措施，比如奖金、折扣等，目的是鼓励某种行为或决策。在商业或经济领域，incentive经常用于描述为了鼓励员工提高生产力或公司销售额而设立的奖励机制，比如托福综合写作真题曾经考查过的incentive programs。

　　例句：Offering employees a bonus can be a strong incentive for them to work harder.给员工提供奖金可以是一个强有力的激励，让他们更加努力工作。

　　phase-out(逐步淘汰)：指逐渐停止或淘汰某项政策、产品或服务的过程。在文章中用于描述通过以旧换策逐步淘汰高污染旧车型的过程。当然，phase out还可以是一个动词短语，用于描述一种逐步减少的过程，直到最终完全结束。

　　例句：The company plans to phase out the old software over the next two years and switch to a more advanced system.公司计划在接下来的两年内逐步淘汰旧软件，并切换到一个更先进的系统。

        以上就是新航道南京托福培训机构小编分享的支招托福写作 | 学术讨论范文(10)的全部内容，大家可以参考一下，更多有关托福备考的问题，可以咨询新航道托福老师哦~